Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER JAPAN KK  

This study aimed at prospectively evaluating bile duct anatomy on ultrasonography and evaluating the safety and utility of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) assisted by virtual ultrasonography from gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
The institutional review board approved this study, and patients provided written informed consent prior to entry into the study. Bile duct anatomy was assessed in 201 patients who underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI for the evaluation of hepatic tumor. Eighty-one of these patients subsequently underwent RFA assisted by ultrasound imaging. In 23 patients, the tumor was located within 5 mm of the central bile duct, as demonstrated by MRI.
Virtual ultrasonography constructed by Gd-EOB-enhanced MRI was able to visualize the common bile duct, left hepatic duct, and right hepatic duct in 96.5, 94.0, and 89.6 % of cases, respectively. The target hepatic tumor nodule and biliary duct could be detected with virtual ultrasonography in all patients, and no severe complications occurred.
The running pattern of the bile ducts could be recognized on conventional ultrasound by referencing virtual ultrasonography constructed by Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. RFA assisted by this imaging strategy did not result in bile duct injury.

DOI： 10.1007/s10396-014-0598-9

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER  

The purpose of this study was to characterize hepatic parenchymal enhancement for normal and diseased liver in dynamic computed tomography (CT) with the dose of contrast medium calculated on the basis of body surface area (BSA).
The records of 328 consecutive patients who underwent triple-phase contrast-enhanced CT were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into four groups: normal liver (n = 125), chronic hepatitis (CH) (n = 92), Child-Pugh grade A liver cirrhosis (LC-A) (n = 78), and Child-Pugh grade B liver cirrhosis (LC-B) (n = 33). All patients received 22 g I m(-2) as contrast material, calculated on the basis of BSA. CT values were measured in the region of interest during the pre-contrast, arterial, and portal phases, and the change in the CT value (Delta HU, where HU is Hounsfield units) compared with pre-contrast images was calculated.
Mean Delta HU for the hepatic parenchyma for the normal liver, CH, LC-A, and LC-B groups during the portal phase was 55.5 +/- A 11.8 HU, 55.2 +/- A 12.5 HU, 50.0 +/- A 13.0 HU, and 43.0 +/- A 12.7 HU, respectively; generalized estimating equation analysis showed the differences were significant (p < 0.01).
Hepatic parenchymal enhancement during the portal phase decreased as the severity of chronic liver damage increased.

DOI： 10.1007/s11604-015-0398-1

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER  

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the incidence and risk factors for the progression of hyperintense nodules, observed in the hepatobiliary phase of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI), to hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Hypovascular nodules (n = 157) showing hyperintensity in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were examined in 41 patients. All patients underwent computed tomography (CT) during hepatic arteriography and CT during arterial portography within one month of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. The incidence of progression to hypervascular or classical HCC was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Tumor size was determined by univariate and multivariate analysis to be an important risk factor of hypervascularization (p = 0.041, odds ratio 1.135). The cumulative incidences of hypervascularization in hypovascular nodules showing hyperintensity on the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were 2.4, 4.5, and 6.2 % at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. The incidence of hypervascularization was significantly increased in nodules > 10 mm in diameter (p = 0.00035).
In patients with chronic liver disease, hypovascular nodules presenting as hyperintense in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI and > 10 mm in diameter have malignant potential for progression to hypervascular HCC and require careful management.

DOI： 10.1007/s11604-014-0323-z

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Language：Japanese  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Doctoral thesis   Publisher：SPRINGER  

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the incidence and risk factors for the progression of hypointense nodules observed in the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI) of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Hypovascular nodules (112) showing hypointensity in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were examined in 54 patients. All patients underwent computed tomography during hepatic arteriography and computed tomography during arterial portography (CTAP) within a month after Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. According to the tumor size, 112 nodules were divided into two groups: those > 10 mm in diameter (group A, n = 39) and those a parts per thousand currency sign10 mm in diameter (group B, n = 73). The incidence of progression to hypervascular HCC was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
The incidence of hypervascularization was significantly higher in group A nodules than in group B nodules (p < 0.0001). Tumor size (p < 0.0001) and hypoattenuation in CTAP (p = 0.0004) showed significant correlation with hypervascularization.
Hypointense nodules observed in the hepatobiliary phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI with diameters of > 10 mm had a high probability of hypervascularization.

DOI： 10.1007/s11604-012-0120-5

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Language：Japanese  

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2009279718

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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