掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER JAPAN KK  

Salicylic acid (SA) controls growth and stress responses in plants. It also induces drought tolerance in plants. In this paper, four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with different drought responses were treated with SA in three levels of drain (90, 60, 30% of maximum field capacity) to examine its interactive effects on drought responses and contents of osmotic solutes that may be involved in growth and osmotic adjustment. Under drought condition, the cultivars Geza 164 and Sakha 69 had the plant biomass and leaf relative water content (LRWC) greater than the cultivars Gemaza 1 and Gemaza 3. In all cultivars, drought stress decreased the biomass, LRWC, and the contents of inorganic solutes (Ca, K, Mg) and largely increased the contents of organic solutes (soluble sugars and proline). By contrast, SA increased the biomass, LRWC and the inorganic and organic solute contents, except proline. Correlation analysis revealed that the LRWC correlated positively with the inorganic solute contents but negatively with proline in all cultivars. SA caused maximum accumulations of soluble sugars in roots under drought. These results indicated that SA-enhanced tolerance might involve solute accumulations but independently of proline biosynthesis. Drought-sensitive cultivars had a trait lowering Ca and K levels especially in shoots. Possible functions of the ions and different traits of cultivars were discussed.

DOI： 10.1007/s10265-011-0419-9

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER HEIDELBERG  

Arabidopsis DREB2A is a key transcription factor of heat- and drought-responsive gene expression, and DREB2A expression is induced by these stresses. We analyzed the DREB2A promoter and found a heat shock element that functions as a cis-acting element in the heat shock (HS)-responsive expression of DREB2A. Among the 21 Arabidopsis heat shock factors, we chose 4 HsfA1-type proteins as candidate transcriptional activators (HsfA1a, HsfA1b, HsfA1d, and HsfA1e) based on transactivation activity and expression patterns. We generated multiple mutants and found that the HS-responsive expression of DREB2A disappeared in hsfa1a/b/d triple and hsfa1a/b/d/e quadruple mutants. Moreover, HS-responsive gene expression, including that of molecular chaperones and transcription factors, was globally and drastically impaired in the hsfa1a/b/d triple mutant, which exhibited greatly reduced tolerance to HS stress. HsfA1 protein accumulation in the nucleus was negatively regulated by their interactions with HSP90, and other factors potentially strongly activate the HsfA1 proteins under HS stress. The hsfa1a/b/d/e quadruple mutant showed severe growth retardation, and many genes were downregulated in this mutant even under non-stress conditions. Our study indicates that HsfA1a, HsfA1b, and HsfA1d function as main positive regulators in HS-responsive gene expression and four HsfA1-type proteins are important in gene expression for normal plant growth.

DOI： 10.1007/s00438-011-0647-7

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

DREB1A/CBF3 and DREB2A are transcription factors that specifically interact with a cis-acting dehydration-responsive element (DRE), which is involved in cold-and dehydration-responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Overexpression of DREB1A improves stress tolerance to both freezing and dehydration in transgenic plants. In contrast, overexpression of an active form of DREB2A results in significant stress tolerance to dehydration but only slight tolerance to freezing in transgenic plants. The downstream gene products for DREB1A and DREB2A are reported to have similar putative functions, but downstream genes encoding enzymes for carbohydrate metabolism are very different between DREB1A and DREB2A. We demonstrate that under cold and dehydration conditions, the expression of many genes encoding starch-degrading enzymes, sucrose metabolism enzymes, and sugar alcohol synthases changes dynamically; consequently, many kinds of monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, and sugar alcohols accumulate in Arabidopsis. We also show that DREB1A overexpression can cause almost the same changes in these metabolic processes and that these changes seem to improve freezing and dehydration stress tolerance in transgenic plants. In contrast, DREB2A overexpression did not increase the level of any of these metabolites in transgenic plants. Strong freezing stress tolerance of the transgenic plants overexpressing DREB1A may depend on accumulation of these metabolites.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.109.135327

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER TOKYO  

Species-specific oligonucleotide primers for detecting wood rot fungi, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Trametes versicolor, Coniophora puteana, and Serpula lacrymans, and the primer detecting a group of related fungi to G. sepiarium were developed. These primer sequences were picked up from the internal transcribed spacer region between small-subunit rDNA and large-subunit rDNA. The species selectivities of the developed primers were checked. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was carried out using these highly specific primers to quantitatively detect at least of 0.01 ng genome DNA of the target species. This quantitative PCR was also used to differentiate the target species DNA from mixed species DNA. A PCR-based technique using the species-specific primers would be applicable to multiple-sample assay in diagnosis of wood decay and to investigation of environmental fungal populations.

DOI： 10.1007/s10086-008-1011-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

The DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN2A (DREB2A) transcription factor controls water deficit inducible gene expression and requires posttranslational modification for its activation. The activation mechanism is not well understood; however, the stability of this protein in the nucleus was recently found to be important for its activation. Here, we report the isolation of Arabidopsis thaliana DREB2A-INTERACTING PROTEIN1 (DRIP1) and DRIP2, C3HC4 RING domain-containing proteins that interact with the DREB2A protein in the nucleus. An in vitro ubiquitination assay showed that they function as E3 ubiquitin ligases and are capable of mediating DREB2A ubiquitination. Overexpression of DRIP1 in Arabidopsis delayed the expression of DREB2A-regulated drought-responsive genes. Drought-inducible gene expression was slightly enhanced in the single T-DNA mutants of drip1-1 and drip2-1. By contrast, significantly enhanced gene expression was revealed in the drip1 drip2 double mutant under dehydration stress. Collectively, these data imply that DRIP1 and DRIP2 function negatively in the response of plants to drought stress. Moreover, overexpression of full-length DREB2A protein was more stable in drip1-1 than in the wild-type background. These results suggest that DRIP1 and DRIP2 act as novel negative regulators in drought-responsive gene expression by targeting DREB2A to 26S proteasome proteolysis.

DOI： 10.1105/tpc.107.057380

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCI LTD  

In order to determine the conditions for the maximum performance of a fed-batch composting (FBC) reactor, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was used to analyze the microbial communities established under the confined conditions of moisture content and environmental temperature. To evaluate the effects of microbial community structures on the performance of FBC reactors, degradation experiments using small-scale reactors and model waste were conducted under confined environmental conditions. A high degradation rate was observed under a wide range of MC conditions (30-60%) and at higher than usual temperatures (30-50 degrees C). The microbial communities that formed in the experimental FBC reactors were analyzed by DGGE of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. The DGGE banding patterns at the same level as the degradation rates were similar even if the environmental conditions were different. Sequence analysis of the DGGE bands revealed the primary microbes which act in the reactor. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.05.054

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

A transcription factor DREB2A functions as a key regulator not only in drought stress responses but also in heat stress (HS) responses, and activates expression of many abiotic stress-responsive-genes involved in drought and HS tolerance. HsfA3 is one of the most up-regulated heat-inducible genes in transgenic plants overexpressing DREB2A. In this study, the analyses of HsfA3 expression profile and the transactivation analysis of HsfA3 showed that the expression of HsfA3 was directly regulated by DREB2A under HS. Microarray analysis using transgenic plants overexpressing HsfA3 also showed that overexpression of HsfA3 induces many heat-inducible genes. Furthermore, we showed that thermotolerance of the HsfA3 overexpressors was increased, and that of the hsfA3 T-DNA tagged mutants was decreased. These results indicate that HsfA3 regulates expression of many heat-inducible genes in the transcriptional cascade downstream of the DREB2A stress-regulatory system and functions in acquisition of thermotolerance under the control of the DREB2A cascade. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.01.134

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

DREB1/CBFs and DREB2s are transcription factors that specifically interact with a cis-acting element, DRE/CRT, which is involved in the expression of genes responsive to cold and drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. The function of DREB1/CBFs has been precisely analyzed and it has been found to activate the expression of many genes responsive to cold stress containing a DRE/CRT sequence in their promoters. However, the regulation and function of DREB2-type transcription factors remained to be elucidated. In this research, we report the cloning of a DREB2 homolog from maize, ZmDREB2A, whose transcripts were accumulated by cold, dehydration, salt and heat stresses in maize seedlings. Unlike Arabidopsis DREB2A, ZmDREB2A produced two forms of transcripts, and quantitative real-time PCR analyses demonstrated that only the functional transcription form of ZmDREB2A was significantly induced by stresses. Moreover, the ZmDREB2A protein exhibited considerably high transactivation activity compared with DREB2A in Arabidopsis protoplasts, suggesting that protein modification is not necessary for ZmDREB2A to be active. Constitutive or stress-inducible expression of ZmDREB2A resulted in an improved drought stress tolerance in plants. Microarray analyses of transgenic plants overexpressing ZmDREB2A revealed that in addition to genes encoding late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, some genes related to heat shock and detoxification were also upregulated. Furthermore, overexpression of ZmDREB2A also enhanced thermotolerance in transgenic plants, implying that ZmDREB2A may play a dual functional role in mediating the expression of genes responsive to both water stress and heat stress.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03034.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY  

The ZFHD recognition sequence (ZFHDRS) and NAC recognition sequence (NACRS) play an important role in the dehydration-inducible expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION STRESS 1 (ERD1) gene. Using the yeast one-hybrid system, we isolated a cDNA encoding the ZFHD1 transcriptional activator that specifically binds to the 62 bp promoter region of ERD1, which contains the ZFHDRS. Both in vitro and in vivo analyses confirmed specific binding of the ZFHD1 to ZFHDRS, and the expression of ZFHD1 was induced by drought, high salinity and abscisic acid. The DNA-binding and activation domains of ZFHD1 were localized on the C-terminal homeodomain and N-terminal zinc finger domain, respectively. Microarray analysis of transgenic plants over-expressing ZFHD1 revealed that several stress-induciblew genes were upregulated in the transgenic plants. Transgenic plants exhibited a smaller morphological phenotype and had a significant improvement of drought stress tolerance. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we detected an interaction between ZFHD1 and NACRS- binding NAC proteins. Moreover, co-overexpression of the ZFHD1 and NAC genes restored the morphological phenotype of the transgenic plants to a near wild-type state and enhanced expression of ERD1 in both Arabidopsis T87 protoplasts and transgenic Arabidopsis plants.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2006.02932.x

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：NATL ACAD SCIENCES  

Transcription factor DRIEB2A interacts with a cis-acting dehydration-responsive element (DRE) sequence and activates expression of downstream genes involved in drought- and salt-stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Intact DREB2A expression does not activate downstream genes under normal growth conditions. A negative regulatory domain exists in the central region of DREB2A, and deletion of this region transforms DREB2A to a constitutive active form (DREB2A CA). We carried out microarray analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis-overexpressing DREB2A CA and found that the overexpression of DREB2A CA induces not only drought- and salt-responsive genes but also heat-shock (HS)-related genes. Moreover, we found that transient induction of the DREB2A occurs rapidly by HS stress, and that the sGFP-DREB2A protein accumulates in nuclei of HS-stressed cells. DREB2A up-regulated genes were classified into three groups based on their expression patterns: genes induced by HS, genes induced by drought stress, and genes induced by both HS and drought stress. DREB2A up-regulated genes were down-regulated in DREB2A knockout mutants under stress conditions. Thermotolerance was significantly increased in plants overexpressing DREB2A CA and decreased in DREB2A knockout plants. Collectively, these results indicate that DREB2A functions in both water and HS-stress responses.

DOI： 10.1073/pnas.0605639103

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

Transcription factors DREB1A/CBF3 and DREB2A specifically interact with cis-acting dehydration-responsive element/C-repeat (DRE/CRT) involved in cold and drought stress-responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Intact DREB2A expression does not activate downstream genes under normal growth conditions, suggesting that DREB2A requires posttranslational modification for activation, but the activation mechanism has not been clarified. DREB2A domain analysis using Arabidopsis protoplasts identified a transcriptional activation domain between residues 254 and 335, and deletion of a region between residues 136 and 165 transforms DREB2A to a constitutive active form. Overexpression of constitutive active DREB2A resulted in significant drought stress tolerance but only slight freezing tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Microarray and RNA gel blot analyses revealed that DREB2A regulates expression of many water stress inducible genes. However, some genes downstream of DREB2A are not downstream of DREB1A, which also recognizes DRE/CRT but functions in cold stress-responsive gene expression. Synthetic green fluorescent protein gave a strong signal in the nucleus under unstressed control conditions when fused to constitutive active DREB2A but only a weak signal when fused to full-length DREB2A. The region between DREB2A residues 136 and 165 plays a role in the stability of this protein in the nucleus, which is important for protein activation.

DOI： 10.1105/tpc.105.035881

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

The MYC-like sequence CATGTG plays an important role in the dehydration-inducible expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION STRESS 1 (ERD1) gene, which encodes a ClpA (ATP binding subunit of the caseinolytic ATP-dependent protease) homologous protein. Using the yeast one-hybrid system, we isolated three cDNA clones encoding proteins that bind to the 63-bp promoter region of erd1, which contains the CATGTG motif. These three cDNA clones encode proteins named ANAC019, ANAC055, and ANAC072, which belong to the NAC transcription factor family. The NAC proteins bound specifically to the CATGTG motif both in vitro and in vivo and activated the transcription of a beta-glucurdnidise (GUS) 'reporter gene driven by the 63-bp region containing the CATGTG motif in Arabidopsis T87 protoplasts. The expression of ANAC019, ANAC055, and ANAC072 was induced by drought, high salinity, and abscisic acid. A histochemical assay using P(NAC)-GUS fusion constructs showed that expression of the GUS reporter gene was localized mainly to the leaves of transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Using the yeast'one-hybrid system, we determined the complete NAC recognition sequence, containing CATGT and harboring CACG as the core DNA binding site. Microarray analysis of transgenic plants overexpressing eitherANAC019, ANAC055, orANAC072 revealed that several stress-inducible genes were upregulated in the transgenic plants, and the plants showed significantly increased drought tolerance. However, erdl was not upregulated in the transgenic plants. Other interacting factors may be necessary for the induction of erdl in Arabidopsis under stress conditions.

DOI： 10.1105/tpc.104.022699

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS  

ZPT2-related proteins that have two canonical Cys-2/His-2-type zinc-finger motifs in their molecules are members of a family of plant transcription factors. To characterize the role of this type of protein, we analyzed the function of Arabidopsis L, Heynh. genes encoding four different ZPT2-related proteins (AZF1, AZF2, AZF3, and STZ). Gel-shift analysis showed that the AZFs and STZ bind to A(G/C)T repeats within an EP2 sequence, known as a target sequence of some petunia (Petunia hybrida) ZPT2 proteins. Transient expression analysis using synthetic green fluorescent protein fusion genes indicated that the AZFs and STZ are preferentially localized to the nucleus. These four ZPT2-related proteins were shown to act as transcriptional repressors that down-regulate the transactivation activity of other transcription factors. RNA gel-blot analysis showed that expression of AZF2 and STZ was strongly induced by dehydration, high-salt and cold stresses, and abscisic acid treatment. Histochemical analysis of beta-glucuronidase activities driven by the AZF2 or STZ promoters revealed that both genes are induced in leaves rather than roots of rosette plants by the stresses. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing STZ showed growth retardation and tolerance to drought stress. These results suggest that AZF2 and STZ function as transcriptional repressors to increase stress tolerance following growth retardation.

DOI： 10.1104/pp.104.046599

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

The transcription factors DREB1s/CBFs specifically interact with the DRE/CRT cis-acting element (core motif: G/ACCGAC) and control the expression of many stress-inducible genes in Arabidopsis. We isolated a cDNA for a DREB1/CBF homolog, ZmDREB1A in maize using a yeast one-hybrid system. The ZmDREB1A proteins specifically bound to DRE and the highly conserved valine at the 14th residue in the ERF/AP2 DNA binding domain was a key to determining the specific interaction between this protein and the DRE sequence. Expression of ZmDREB1A was induced by cold stress and slightly increased by high-salinity stress. This gene was also transiently expressed by mechanical attack. ZmDREB1A activated the transcription of the GUS reporter gene driven by DRE in rice protoplasts. Overexpression of ZmDREB1A in transgenic Arabidopsis induced overexpression of target stress-inducible genes of Arabidopsis DREB1A resulting in plants with higher tolerance to drought and freezing stresses. This indicated that ZmDREB1A has functional similarity to DREB1s/CBFs in Arabidopsis. The structure of the ERF/AP2 domain of ZmDREB1A in maize is closely related to DREB1-type ERF/AP2 domains in the monocots as compared with that in the dicots. ZmDREB1A is suggested to be potentially useful for producing transgenic plants that is tolerant to drought, high-salinity and/or cold stresses.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pch118

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD  

The transcriptional factor DREB/CBF (dehydration-responsive element/C-repeat-binding) specifically interacts with the dehydration-responsive element (DRE)/C-repeat (CRT) cis-acting element (A/GCCGAC) and controls the expression of many stress-inducible genes in Arabidopsis. Transgenic plants overexpressing DREB1A showed activated expression of many stress-inducible genes and improved tolerance to not only drought, salinity, and freezing but also growth retardation. We searched for downstream genes in transgenic plants overexpressing DREB1A using the full-length cDNA microarray and Affymetrix GeneChip array. We confirmed candidate genes selected by array analyses using RNA gel blot and identified 38 genes as the DREB1A downstream genes, including 20 unreported new downstream genes. Many of the products of these genes were proteins known to function against stress and were probably responsible for the stress tolerance of the transgenic plants. The downstream genes also included genes for protein factors involved in further regulation of signal transduction and gene expression in response to stress. The identified genes were classified into direct downstream genes of DREB1A and the others based on their expression patterns in response to cold stress. We also searched for conserved sequences in the promoter regions of the direct downstream genes and found A/GCCGACNT in their promoter regions from -51 to -450 as a consensus DRE. The recombinant DREB1A protein bound to A/GCCGACNT more efficiently than to A/GCCGACNA/G/C.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02100.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER TOKYO  

We investigated a genotype-based assay to discriminate the dry rot fungi Serpula lacrymans. DNAs were extracted from 74 isolates from the northern half of Japan. and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Genotypes of isolates were checked by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using two enzymes. Tag I and Hha I. Among the 74 isolates identified as S. lacrymans in terms of morphologic features. 5 isolates were shown to have been misidentified. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was conducted in order to detect the intraspecific diversity of S. lacrymans isolated in Japan. Because no relation between geographical origin and genetic distances was observed. the intraspecific diversity of S. lacrymans is suggested to be small.

DOI： 10.1007/s10086-003-0588-9

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD  

Many abiotic stress-inducible genes contain two cis -acting elements, namely a dehydration-responsive element (DRE; TACCGACAT) and an ABA-responsive element (ABRE; ACGTGG/TC), in their promoter regions. We precisely analyzed the 120 bp promoter region (-174 to -55) of the Arabidopsis rd29A gene whose expression is induced by dehydration, high-salinity, low-temperature, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments and whose 120 bp promoter region contains the DRE, DRE/CRT-core motif (A/GCCGAC), and ABRE sequences. Deletion and base substitution analyses of this region showed that the DRE-core motif functions as DRE and that the DRE/DRE-core motif could be a coupling element of ABRE. Gel mobility shift assays revealed that DRE-binding proteins (DREB1s/CBFs and DREB2s) bind to both DRE and the DRE-core motif and that ABRE-binding proteins (AREBs/ABFs) bind to ABRE in the 120 bp promoter region. In addition, transactivation experiments using Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts showed that DREBs and AREBs cumulatively transactivate the expression of a GUS reporter gene fused to the 120 bp promoter region of rd29A . These results indicate that DRE and ABRE are interdependent in the ABA-responsive expression of the rd29A gene in response to ABA in Arabidopsis .

DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01708.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD  

The transcription factors DREBs/CBFs specifically interact with the dehydration-responsive element/C-repeat (DRE/CRT) cis -acting element (core motif: G/ACCGAC) and control the expression of many stress-inducible genes in Arabidopsis . In rice, we isolated five cDNAs for DREB homologs: OsDREB1A , OsDREB1B , OsDREB1C , OsDREB1D , and OsDREB2A . Expression of OsDREB1A and OsDREB1B was induced by cold, whereas expression of OsDREB2A was induced by dehydration and high-salt stresses. The OsDREB1A and OsDREB2A proteins specifically bound to DRE and activated the transcription of the GUS reporter gene driven by DRE in rice protoplasts. Over-expression of OsDREB1A in transgenic Arabidopsis induced over-expression of target stress-inducible genes of Arabidopsis DREB1A resulting in plants with higher tolerance to drought, high-salt, and freezing stresses. This indicated that OsDREB1A has functional similarity to DREB1A. However, in microarray and RNA blot analyses, some stress-inducible target genes of the DREB1A proteins that have only ACCGAC as DRE were not over-expressed in the OsDREB1A transgenic Arabidopsis . The OsDREB1A protein bound to GCCGAC more preferentially than to ACCGAC whereas the DREB1A proteins bound to both GCCGAC and ACCGAC efficiently. The structures of DREB1-type ERF/AP2 domains in monocots are closely related to each other as compared with that in the dicots. OsDREB1A is potentially useful for producing transgenic monocots that are tolerant to drought, high-salt, and/or cold stresses.

DOI： 10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01661.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

DRE/CRT is a cis-acting element that is involved in gene expression responsive to drought and low-temperature stress in higher plants. DREB1A/CBF3 and DREB2A are transcription factors that specifically bind to DRE/CRT in Arabidopsis. We precisely analyzed the DNA-binding specificity of DREBs. Both DREBs specifically bound to six nucleotides (A/GCCGAC) of DRE. However, these proteins had different binding specificities to the second or third nucleotides of DRE. Gel mobility shift assay using mutant DREB proteins showed that the two amino acids, valine and glutamic acid conserved in the ERF/AP2 domains, especially valine, have important roles in DNA-binding specificity. In the Arabidopsis genome, 145 DREB/ERF-related proteins are encoded. These proteins were classified into five groups-AP-2 subfamily, RAV subfamily, DREB subfamily, ERF subfamily, and others. The DREB subfamily included three novel DREB1A- and six DREB2A-related proteins. We analyzed expression of novel genes for these proteins and discuss their roles in stress-responsive gene expression. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).

DOI： 10.1006/bbrc.2001.6299

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER-VERLAG TOKYO  

Simulated organic waste was biodegraded in a laboratory-scale machine using matrices prepared from four wood species to investigate the effects of wood species on the degradation rate and the bacterial community. The degradation rate, estimated by measuring weight loss and CO, evolution, was found to be equal among the four wood species. Changes in viable cell counts and microbial communities over time were examined. Viable cell counts were also similar among the wood species, but initial bacterial communities differed owing to differences in wood species, although these communities became similar with time. The sensitivity of isolates to wood extractives was examined using paper discs. The extractive-insensitive bacteria species were dominant at the initial stage of biodegradation. However, occupancy of sensitive bacteria increased with time. It was thought that antibacterial extractives were degraded or inactivated after some time.

DOI： 10.1007/BF00771373

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A cDNA clone from Populus nigra L. var. italica Koehne, denoted PCY2-6, coding for an anionic peroxidase has been isolated, cloned, and characterized. PCY2-6 is 1160 bp long
and its deduced product, PnC26, contains 343 amino acid residues. The mature protein has a calculated isoelectric point of 4.09. The protein contains two motifs typical of peroxidase and 10 potential W-glycosylation sites. PnC26 is therefore classified as an anionic peroxidase. The mRNA of the PCY2-6 gene family was detected in immature and mature leaves and in two parts of current-year stems: the shoot tip and the older stem. The mRNA of PCY2-6 gene family was found to localize in the phloem and cortex of the current-year stems. We therefore conclude that expression of the PCY2-6 gene family is related to bark development.

DOI： 10.1007/BF01171217

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The optimum environmental temperature for a biodegrading machine using wood particles as a matrix was investigated using a small-scale degradation reactor and model waste. The biodegradation rate was evaluated by weight loss of waste and CO2 evolution. The degradation reaction was restricted only by adjusting the environmental temperature while sufficient oxygen and substrates were supplied. Results suggested that the optimum temperature for degradation was 30°-40°C for exploiting biological activity effectively with the lowest use of energy. Bacteria from the environment propagated in the reactor with no inoculum added. The microbial flora changed during the operation time but had no effect on the biodegradation rate.

DOI： 10.1007/BF00780566

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL  

In plants, a cis-acting element, DRE/CRT, is involved in ABA-independent gene expression in response to dehydration and low-temperature stress. To understand signal transduction pathways from perception of the dehydration stress signal to gene expression, we characterized a gene family for DRE/CRT-binding proteins DREB2A and DREB2B in Arabidopsis thaliana. Northern analysis showed that both genes are induced by dehydration and high-salt stress. Organ-specific northern analysis with gene-specific probes showed that these genes are strongly induced in roots by high-salt stress and in stems and roots by dehydration stress. The DREB2A gene is located on chromosome 5, and DREB2B on chromosome 3. We screened an Arabidopsis genomic DNA library with cDNA fragments of DREB2A and DREB2B as probes, and isolated DNA fragments that contained 5'-flanking regions of these genes. Sequence analysis showed that both genes are interrupted by a single intron at identical positions in their leader sequence. Several conserved sequences were found in the promoter regions of both genes. The beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene driven by the DREB2 promoters was induced by dehydration and high-salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.

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PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The karyotype of Flammulina velutipes (Curt.: Fr.) Sing, was analyzed electrophoretically using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis and hybridization with DNA probes. The chromosomal DNA from the monokaryon (Fv-4K) and the dikaryon (Fv-4) were resolved into six and eight bands, respectively. The sizes of the chromosomes ranged from 1.9 to 6.0 megabase (Mb) pairs. Each of the separated bands of chromosomal DNA was identified by use of five cloned probes. The number of these chromosomes was estimated to be 6 and 12, respectively
and the size of the entire genome was estimated to be about 20.1 and 38.6Mb, respectively. From a comparison of the hybridization patterns, the existence of allelic chromosomes of different sizes was deduced in the Fv-4 strain.

DOI： 10.1007/BF00765805

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Springer Japan  

The optimum working moisture content of a wood matrix for the garbage automatic decomposer-extinguisher (GADE) machine was investigated using a small-scale degradation reactor. A formula feed for rabbits was used as the model waste. The degradation experiment was conducted under controlled conditions such as moisture content, environmental temperature, and airflow rate. The degradation rate was estimated precisely from weight loss and the CO2 evolution rate. The degradation rate were nearly constant at a moisture content of 30%-80% on a wet-weight basis. Microorganisms from the environment propagated in the reactor with no inoculums added. The number of microorganisms showed a trend similar to that of the degradation rate. The microorganism community changed according to the moisture content of the matrix and were considered to attain a constant degradation rate at a wide range of moisture content of a matrix.

DOI： 10.1007/BF00766223

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The purpose of this research was to analyze the karyotype of the interspecific fusants of two Pleurotus species. Auxotrophic mutants derived from the cultivated strain of P. ostreatus and P. cornucopiae were used. Protoplasts were fused electrically, and the fusants were selected under auxotrophic complementation. Esterase isozyme analysis showed that several fusants had isozyme bands originating from both parental strains, and others had unilateral isozyme bands. The fusant that had expressed isozyme bands of both parental strains showed chromosomal DNA bands of both of the parental strains in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. Despite the above results, the chromosomal composition of the fusants obtained by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis did not exhibit all of the bands of both fusion parents.

DOI： 10.1007/BF00765808

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS  

Plant growth is greatly affected by drought and low temperature. Expression of a number of genes is induced by both drought and low temperature, although these stresses are quite different. Previous experiments have established that a cia-acting element named DRE (for dehydration-responsive element) plays an important role in both dehydration- and low-temperature-induced gene expression in Arabidopsis. Two cDNA clones that encode DRE binding proteins, DREB1A and DREB2A, were isolated by using the yeast one-hybrid screening technique. The two cDNA libraries were prepared from dehydrated and cold-treated rosette plants, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequences of DREB1A and DREB2A showed no significant sequence similarity, except in the conserved DNA binding domains found in the EREBP and APETALA2 proteins that function in ethylene-responsive expression and floral morphogenesis, respectively. Both the DREB1A and DREB2A proteins specifically bound to the DRE sequence in vitro and activated the transcription of the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the DRE sequence in Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts. Expression of the DREB1A gene and its two homologs was induced by low-temperature stress, whereas expression of the DREB2A gene and its single homolog was induced by dehydration. Overexpression of the DREB1A cDNA in transgenic Arabidopsis plants not only induced strong expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions but also caused dwarfed phenotypes in the transgenic plants. These transgenic plants also revealed freezing and dehydration tolerance. In contrast, overexpression of the DREB2A cDNA induced weak expression of the target genes under unstressed conditions and caused growth retardation of the transgenic plants. These results indicate that two independent families of DREB proteins, DREB1 and DREB2, function as trans-acting factors in two separate signal transduction pathways under low-temperature and dehydration conditions, respectively.

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

A cDNA library was constructed using mRNA from 7-day (d)-old cultures after fruiting treatment that showed the first morphological changes during fruiting body differentiation in Flammulina velutipes (Curt.: Fr.) Sing. The cDNA library was screened for genes that may be involved in fruiting body differentiation. One cDNA clone, FDS (Flammulina velutipes differentiation specific), was isolated by differential screening. The expression property of the FDS gene was examined by Northern blot analysis. The FDS mRNA was not detected in 0-d-old and 1-d-old cultures. The conspicuous accumulation of the FDS mRNA was detected in 4-d-old cultures and expressed through the fruiting body differentiation. The nucleotide sequence of the FDS gene was determined. It contained an open reading frame that encodes 204 amino acid residues (22.6 kDa). No sequences with significant similarity to the FDS were found in the DNA and protein data banks.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Hokkaido University Forests, EFRC  

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CiNii Books

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

Web of Science

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：OXFORD UNIV PRESS  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：廃棄物学会  

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists  

CiNii Books

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その他リンク： https://projects.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=184975

記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists  

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その他リンク： https://projects.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=184982

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：廃棄物学会  

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists  

CiNii Books

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その他リンク： https://projects.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=184061

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：廃棄物学会  

CiNii Books

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開催年月日： 2023年5月

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開催年月日： 2020年9月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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開催年月日： 2020年3月

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開催年月日： 2019年9月

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