担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/978-1-4939-2377-9_9

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本作物学会  

近年，網羅的・包括的な解析であるオミックス解析では，DNA，RNAに加えて蛋白質，代謝物等も解析対象になってきている．アミノ酸やカルボン酸などに代表される極性低分子のメタボローム解析では，分子選択性の高い分離・検出が可能なためキャピラリー電気泳動-質量分析計 （CE-MS） がしばしば使用される．これまでCE-MSによるアミノ酸類とカルボン酸類の測定では，各々異なったキャピラリーや泳動液が必要であった．著者らは，アミノ酸類とカルボン酸類を同一のキャピラリーと泳動液で測定することを可能にし，一組のCE-MS装置で低コストかつ効率的に測定する方法を開発してきた．本稿では，CE-MSを用いた極性低分子のメタボローム解析について著者らの確立した方法を解説するとともに，実際の植物試料での代謝解析の事例を紹介する．

DOI： 10.1626/jcs.81.357

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER CHEMICAL SOC  

A simple, low-cost capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) method is demonstrated for the simultaneous analysis of amino acids and small carboxylic acids (glycerate, lactate, fumarate, succinate, malate, tartrate, citrate, iso-citrate, cis-aconitate, and shikimate). All CE-MS experiments were performed using a single uncoated fused-silica capillary and with a single separation electrolyte, formic acid. For CE polarity, the CE inlet was set as the anode, and the MS side was set as the cathode. By using high-speed sheath gas flow, the apparent mobilities of all compounds were sped up; thus, the migration times of the carboxylic acids were reduced. In positive ion mode ESI-MS detection, small carboxylic acids were detected faintly as m/z = [M + 18](+) or [M + 23](+), after protonated molecule detection (m/z = [M + 1](+)) of the amino acids. In negative ion mode, all of these small carboxylic acids were detected clearly as deprotonated molecules (m/z = [M - 1](-)), after detection of the amino acids. By changing the polarity of the MS during CE separation, both amino acids and small carboxylic acids were detectable in a single electrophoresis analysis run. With this method, the diurnal metabolic changes of pineapple leaves were observed as reflecting Crassulacean acid metabolism.

DOI： 10.1021/ac1019039

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

In its leaf blade, Arundinella hirta has unusual Kranz cells that lie distant from the veins (distinctive cells; DCs), in addition to the usual Kranz units composed of concentric layers of mesophyll cells (MCs) and bundle sheath cells (BSCs; usual Kranz cells) surrounding the veins. We examined whether chlorophyllous organs other than leaf blades-namely, the leaf sheath, stem, scale leaf, and constituents of the spike-also have this unique anatomy and the C-4 pattern of expression of photosynthetic enzymes. All the organs developed DCs to varying degrees, as well as BSCs. The stem, rachilla, and pedicel had C-4-type anatomy with frequent occurrence of DCs, as in the leaf blade. The leaf sheath, glume, and scale leaf had a modified C-4 anatomy with MCs more than two cells distant from the Kranz cells; DCs were relatively rare. An immunocytochemical study of C-3 and C-4 enzymes revealed that all the organs exhibited essentially the same C-4 pattern of expression as in the leaf blade. In the scale leaf, however, intense expression of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) occurred in the MCs as well as in the BSCs and DCs. In the leaf sheath, the distant MCs also expressed Rubisco. In Arundinella hirta, it seems that the ratio of MC to Kranz cell volumes, and the distance from the Kranz cells, but not from the veins, affects the cellular expression of photosynthetic enzymes. We suggest that the main role of DCs is to keep a constant quantitative balance between the MCs and Kranz cells, which is a prerequisite for effective C-4 pathway operation.

DOI： 10.1007/s00425-005-0172-1

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担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s00425-024-04508-w

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100337

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Mammalian gut microbes colonize the intestinal tract of their host and adapt to establish a microbial ecosystem. The host diet changes the nutrient profile of the intestine and has a high impact on microbiota composition. Genetic mutations in Escherichia coli, a prevalent species in the human gut, allow for adaptation to the mammalian intestine, as reported in previous studies. However, the extent of colonization fitness in the intestine elevated by genetic mutation and the effects of diet change on these mutations in E. coli are still poorly known. Here, we show that notable mutations in sugar metabolism-related genes (gatC, araC, and malI) were detected in the E. coli K-12 genome just 2 weeks after colonization in the germ-free mouse intestine. In addition to elevated fitness by deletion of gatC, as previously reported, deletion of araC and malI also elevated E. coli fitness in the murine intestine in a host diet-dependent manner. In vitro cultures of medium containing nutrients abundant in the intestine (e.g., galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and asparagine) also showed increased E. coli fitness after deletion of the genes-of-interest associated with their metabolism. Furthermore, the host diet was found to influence the developmental trajectory of gene mutations in E. coli. Taken together, we suggest that genetic mutations in E. coli are selected in response to the intestinal environment, which facilitates efficient utilization of nutrients abundant in the intestine under laboratory conditions. Our study offers some insight into the possible adaptation mechanisms of gut microbes.IMPORTANCEThe gut microbiota is closely associated with human health and is greatly impacted by the host diet. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli live in the gut all throughout the life of a human host and adapt to the intestinal environment. Adaptive mutations in E. coli are reported to enhance fitness in the mammalian intestine, but to what extent is still poorly known. It is also unknown whether the host diet affects what genes are mutated and to what extent fitness is affected. This study suggests that genetic mutations in the E. coli K-12 strain are selected in response to the intestinal environment and facilitate efficient utilization of abundant nutrients in the germ-free mouse intestine. Our study provides a better understanding of these intestinal adaptation mechanisms of gut microbes.

DOI： 10.1128/msystems.01123-23

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136050

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Oxford University Press ({OUP})  

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
<jats:p>Flower opening time (FOT) is affected by genetic and environmental factors, but little is known about the effect of light and dark conditions on FOT in cereal crops. FOT of an indica rice cultivar, IR64, and its near-isogenic line carrying a QTL for an early-morning flowering trait (IR64+qEMF3) were investigated in a natural light and temperature-controlled small greenhouse by exposing either the panicle or stem or both plant organs to different light and dark conditions. FOT did not change in either genotype when panicles were exposed to light. A large difference in FOT was found between genotypes when panicles were exposed to dark conditions; no flower opening was observed in IR64, whereas flower opening was delayed but observed in IR64+qEMF3. These results suggest that the panicle is the organ that perceives light for flower opening in both genotypes, whereas the light requirement to reach flower opening was quite different between genotypes. Flower opening of IR64 occurred concomitantly with elongation of anther filament in the light after the dark treatment stopped, whereas approximately half of flowering of IR64+qEMF3 resulted in apparent cleistogamy even during dark treatment. An extended duration of the dark treatment until 1730H (30-50 min before sunset) made FOT of IR64 spikelets on the next day shifted to a time as early as that of IR64+qEMF3, with significant advancement of FOT compared to the control IR64 spikelets. Our results indicated that different flowering responses to light and dark conditions exist between IR64 and IR64+qEMF3. These findings provide clues for understanding the unique genetic controls of flowering in an early-morning flowering line in rice. This study also showed evidence that artificial light environments can shift the FOT of IR64 to that of IR64+qEMF3.</jats:p>

DOI： 10.1093/aobpla/plab040

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記述言語：英語  

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記述言語：日本語  

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Springer Nature America, Inc  

DOI： 10.1007/s10811-018-1614-z

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：AMER CHEMICAL SOC  

Dry-cured hams are popular among consumers. To increase the attractiveness of the product, objective analytical methods and algorithms to evaluate the relationship between observable properties and consumer acceptability are required. In this study, metabolomics, which is used for quantitative profiling of hundreds of small molecules, was applied to 12 kinds of dry cured hams from Japan and Europe. In total, 203 charged metabolites, including amino acids, organic acids, nucleotides, and peptides, were successfully identified and quantified. Metabolite profiles were compared for the samples with different countries of origin and processing methods (e.g., smoking or use of a starter culture). Principal component analysis of the metabolite profiles with sensory properties revealed significant correlations for redness, homogeneity, and fat whiteness. This approach could be used to design new ham products by objective evaluation of various features.

DOI： 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03844

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCI LTD  

We conducted a consumer acceptability analysis of dry-cured ham based on sensory evaluation. Consumer acceptability data are rendered heterogeneous by the diverse backgrounds and assessment abilities of the participants, requiring versatile analytical methods for their interpretation. Totally, 9 sensory attributes of 12 kinds of dry-cured ham samples collected from Japan (n = 9), Italy (n = 1), Spain (n = 1), and Germany (n = 1) were tasted by 117 Japanese consumers who showed acceptable evaluation abilities during blind sampling. Common techniques, such as hierarchical clustering, principal component analysis, and external preference mapping, were simultaneously utilized to analyze each characteristics scored in modified hedonic scale. These analyses revealed the relationships between the features and preferences of the assessors. For example, consumers aged 20-30 with smoking and drinking habits preferred sweetness and saltiness, and gave high ratings to Spanish Jomon serrano and Italian prosciutto. Our approach could assist ham marketers to identify potential purchasers and the preferred characteristics of their products. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.06.015

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BIOMED CENTRAL LTD  

Background: Glycerol, a byproduct of biodiesel, has become a readily available and inexpensive carbon source for the production of high-value products. However, the main drawback of glycerol utilization is the low consumption rate and shortage of NADPH formation, which may limit the production of NADPH-requiring products. To overcome these problems, we constructed a carbon catabolite repression-negative Delta ptsGglpK* mutant by both blocking a key glucose PTS transporter and enhancing the glycerol conversion. The mutant can recover normal growth by co-utilization of glycerol and glucose after loss of glucose PTS transporter. To reveal the metabolic potential of the Delta ptsGglpK* mutant, this study examined the flux distributions and regulation of the co-metabolism of glycerol and glucose in the mutant.
Results: By labeling experiments using [1,3-C-13]glycerol and [1-C-13]glucose, C-13 metabolic flux analysis was employed to decipher the metabolisms of both the wild-type strain and the Delta ptsGglpK* mutant in chemostat cultures. When cells were maintained at a low dilution rate (0.1 h(-1)), the two strains showed similar fluxome profiles. When the dilution rate was increased, both strains upgraded their pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and anaplerotic reactions, while the Delta ptsGglpK* mutant was able to catabolize much more glycerol than glucose (more than tenfold higher). Compared with the wild-type strain, the mutant repressed its flux through the TCA cycle, resulting in higher acetate overflow. The regulation of fluxomes was consistent with transcriptional profiling of several key genes relevant to the TCA cycle and transhydrogenase, namely gltA, icdA, sdhA and pntA. In addition, cofactor fluxes and their pool sizes were determined. The Delta ptsGglpK* mutant affected the redox NADPH/NADH state and reduced the ATP level. Redox signaling activated the ArcA regulatory system, which was responsible for TCA cycle repression.
Conclusions: This work employs both C-13-MFA and transcription/metabolite analysis for quantitative investigation of the co-metabolism of glycerol and glucose in the Delta ptsGglpK* mutant. The ArcA regulatory system dominates the control of flux redistribution. The Delta ptsGglpK* mutant can be used as a platform for microbial cell factories for the production of biofuels and biochemicals, since most of fuel molecule (e.g., alcohols) synthesis requires excess reducing equivalents.

DOI： 10.1186/s13068-016-0591-1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCI LTD  

Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) has emerged as a powerful new tool for comprehensive analysis of charged compounds. In this review, we provide a general description of the application of CE-MS in metabolome analysis, including the separation modes of CE, various interfaces and the mass spectrometers used. We also discuss strategies for sample pretreatment, data processing and peak identification, which are important processes in metabolome analysis. In addition, we highlight a number of new techniques to improve metabolite extraction, peak resolution and sensitivity. Finally, we provide some general conclusions and future perspectives. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.trac.2014.05.005

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The C4 grass Arundinella hirta exhibits a unique C4 anatomy, with isolated Kranz cells (distinctive cells) and C4-type expression of photosynthetic enzymes in the leaf sheath and stem as well as in the leaf blade. The border zones between these organs are pale green. Those between the leaf blade and sheath and between the sheath and stem are called the lamina joint and sheath pulvinus, respectively, and are involved in gravity sensing. We investigated the structure and localization of C3 and C4 photosynthetic enzymes in these tissues. In both zones the epidermis lacked stomata. The inner tissue was composed of parenchyma cells and vascular bundles. The parenchyma cells were densely packed with small intercellular spaces and contained granal chloroplasts with large starch grains. No C4-type cellular differentiation was recognized. Western blot analysis showed that the lamina joint and pulvinus accumulated substantial amounts of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), pyruvate,Pi dikinase (PPDK), and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco). Immunogold electron microscopy revealed PEPC in the cytosol and both PPDK and rubisco in the chloroplasts of parenchyma cells, suggesting the occurrence of C3 and C4 enzymes within a single type of chlorenchyma cell. These data indicate that the lamina joint and pulvinus have unique expression patterns of C3 and C4 enzymes, unlike those in C4-type anatomy. © 2012 The Botanical Society of Japan and Springer Japan.

DOI： 10.1007/s10265-012-0522-6

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：JAPANESE SOC PLANT CELL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY  

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) catalyzes the reversible amination of 2-oxoglutarate with ammonium to form glutamate. GDH functions in nitrogen assimilation in microorganisms, such as Aspergillus nidulans. However, in plants, glutamine synthetase, not GDH, carries out nitrogen assimilation. Here, we report the effects of introduction of the gdhA gene, encoding NADP(H)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase, from A. nidulans into potato. We analyzed the resulting changes of photosynthesis, biomass, carbon and nitrogen contents under control and low-nitrogen conditions at the flowering stage and the tuber-bulking stage. There were higher NADP(H)-GDH activities in GDH potato leaves than in the wild type. Regardless of nitrogen conditions, photosynthetic rates and soluble protein concentrations of leaves increased in GDH potatoes at the flowering stage. High photosynthetic rates remained at the tuber-bulking stage in GDH potatoes. The number and dry weight of tubers also increased in GDH potatoes. Under the low-nitrogen condition in particular, carbon and nitrogen contents of GDH potato tubers increased compared with those of the wild type. This resulted from higher rates of carbon and nitrogen redistribution to tuber in GDH potatoes than in wild-type potatoes. Our findings show that the gdhA gene is a powerful tool to increase tuber dry matter and improve efficiency of nitrogen use of potato.

DOI： 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.12.0127a

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

The excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer to maximize crop yields causes negative environmental effects such as pollution and ecological imbalance. To overcome this problem, researchers have attempted to improve the nitrogen assimilation capacity of crops. Maize Dof1 (ZmDof1) is a plant-specific transcription factor shown to promote nitrogen assimilation in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) even under nitrogen-deficient conditions. The present study examines the effect of the introduction of the ZmDof1 gene on carbon and nitrogen assimilation in rice. ZmDof1 induced the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) genes in transgenic rice plants and transactivated the PEPC promoters in protoplast transient assays, showing similar effects in rice as in Arabidopsis. Transgenic rice expressing ZmDof1 and grown in the presence of 360 mu M (nitrogen-sufficient) or 90 mu M (nitrogen-deficient) of nitrogen concentrations showed modulation of metabolite content and gene expression associated with the anaplerotic pathway for the TCA cycle, suggesting an increased carbon flow towards nitrogen assimilation. Furthermore, increases in carbon and nitrogen amounts per seedling were found in Dof1 rice grown under nitrogen-deficient conditions. Nitrogen deficiency also resulted in the predominant distribution of nitrogen to roots, accompanied by significant increases in root biomass and modification of the shoot-to-root ratio. Measurement of the CO(2) gas exchange rate showed a significant increase in the net photosynthesis rate in Dof1 rice under nitrogen-deficient conditions. Taken these together, the present study displayed that ZmDof1 expression in rice could induce gene expressions such as PEPC genes, modulate carbon and nitrogen metabolites, increase nitrogen assimilation and enhance growth under low-nitrogen conditions.

DOI： 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2011.00592.x

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

In plants, glutamine synthetase (GS) is the enzyme that is mainly responsible for the assimilation of ammonium. Conversely, in microorganisms such as bacteria and Ascomycota, NADP(H)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and GS both have important roles in ammonium assimilation. Here, we report the changes in nitrogen assimilation, metabolism, growth, and grain yield of rice plants caused by an ectopic expression of NADP(H)-GDH (gdhA) from the fungus Aspergillus niger in the cytoplasm. An investigation of the kinetic properties of purified recombinant protein showed that the fungal gdhA had 5.4-10.2 times higher V (max) value and 15.9-43.1 times higher K (m) value for NH4 (+), compared with corresponding values for rice cytosolic GS as reported in the literature. These results suggested that the introduction of fungal GDH into rice could modify its ammonium assimilation pathway. We therefore expressed gdhA in the cytoplasm of rice plants. NADP(H)-GDH activities in the gdhA-transgenic lines were markedly higher than those in a control line. Tracer experiments by feeding with (NH4)-N-15 (+) showed that the introduced gdhA, together with the endogenous GS, directly assimilated NH4 (+) absorbed from the roots. Furthermore, in comparison with the control line, the transgenic lines showed an increase in dry weight and nitrogen content when sufficient nitrogen was present, but did not do so under low-nitrogen conditions. Under field condition, the transgenic line examined showed a significant increase in grain yield in comparison with the control line. These results suggest that the introduction of fungal gdhA into rice plants could lead to better growth and higher grain yield by enhancing the assimilation of ammonium.

DOI： 10.1007/s00425-010-1172-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：JAPANESE SOC PLANT CELL & MOLECULAR BIOL  

The excessive amounts of nitrogen applied in current farming systems can cause environmental problems. There is therefore a need to improve the ability of crop plants to utilize nitrogenous fertilizers. We screened for nitrogen deficiency-tolerant lines among transgenic rice plants that overexpressed full-length cDNAs (FL-cDNAs) corresponding to low-nitrogen response genes, genes related to nitrogen metabolism, and genes related to carbon metabolism. We found that overexpression of OsCPK12 FL-cDNA, encoding a calcium-dependent protein kinase ( CDPK), conferred tolerance to low-nitrogen stress in rice. After two weeks of low-nitrogen treatment, dry weights of shoots from OsCPK12-overexpressing plants were greater than those from control plants. Furthermore, total nitrogen contents of OsCPK12-overexpressing plants were higher than those of the control plants. Our findings suggest that OsCPK12 is involved in the signal transduction pathway(s) in the low-nitrogen stress response and may be useful in engineering crop plants with improved tolerance to low nitrogen levels.

DOI： 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.27.369

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

• Background and Aims: It is well documented that C4 grasses have a shorter distance between longitudinal veins in the leaves than C3 grasses. In grass leaves, however, veins with different structures and functions are differentiated: large longitudinal veins, small longitudinal veins and transverse veins. Thus, the densities of the three types of vein in leaves of C3 and C4 grasses were investigated from a two-dimensional perspective. • Methods: Vein densities in cleared leaves of 15 C3 and 26 C4 grasses representing different taxonomic groups and photosynthetic subtypes were analysed. • Key Results: The C 4 grasses had denser transverse veins and denser small longitudinal veins than the C3 grasses (1.9 and 2.1 times in interveinal distance), but there was no significant difference in large longitudinal veins. The total length of the three vein types per unit area in the C4 grasses was 2.1 times that in the C3 grasses. The ratio of transverse vein length to total vein length was 14.3 % in C3 grasses and 9.9 % in C4 grasses. The C3 grasses generally had greater species variation in the vascular distances than the C4 grasses. The bambusoid and panicoid C3 grasses tended to have a denser vascular system than the festucoid C3 grasses. There were no significant differences in the interveinal distances of the three vein types between C 4 subtypes, although the NADP-malic enzyme grasses tended to have a shorter distance between small longitudinal veins than the NAD-malic enzyme and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase grasses. • Conclusions: It seems that C4 grasses have structurally a superior photosynthate translocation and water distribution system by developing denser networks of small longitudinal and transverse veins, while keeping a constant density of large longitudinal veins. The bambusoid and panicoid C3 grasses have a vascular system that is more similar to that in C4 grasses than to that in the festucoid C3 grasses. © The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1093/aob/mcl010

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER TOKYO  

The amphibious leafless sedge Eleocharis retroflexa ssp. chaetaria expresses C-4-like biochemical characteristics in both the terrestrial and submerged forms. Culms of the terrestrial form have Kranz anatomy, whereas those of the. submerged form have Kranz-like anatomy combined with anatomical features of aquatic plant leaves. We examined the immunolocalization of C-3 and C-4 enzymes in culms of the two forms. In both forms, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; pyruvate, Pi dikinase; and NAD-malic enzyme were compartmentalized between the mesophyll (M) and Kranz cells, but their levels were somewhat reduced in the submerged form. In the terrestrial form, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) occurred mainly in the Kranz cells, and weakly in the M chloroplasts. In the submerged form, the rubisco occurred at higher levels in the M cells than in the terrestrial form. In both forms, the C-4 pattern of enzyme expression was clearer in the M cells adjacent to Kranz cells than in distant M cells. During the transition from terrestrial to submerged conditions, the enzyme expression pattern changed in submerged mature culms that had been formed in air before submergence, and matched that in culms newly developed underwater. It seems that effects of both environmental and developmental factors overlap in the C, pattern expression in this plant.

DOI： 10.1007/s10265-004-0175-1

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The leaf of the NADP-malic enzyme type C4 grass, Arundinella hirta, has not only mesophyll cells (MCs) and bundle sheath cells (BSCs, usual Kranz cells) but also another type of Kranz cells (distinctive cells
DCs) that are not associated with vascular bundles. We investigated photosynthetic enzyme accumulation along the base-to-tip maturation gradient of developing leaves by immunogold electron microscopy. In mature leaves, phosphoeno/pyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) were detected in the MC cytosol and in the BSC and DC chloroplasts, respectively. Pyruvate, Pi dikinase (PPDK) was present in the chloroplasts of all photosynthetic cells but with higher levels in the MCs. Rubisco was first detected in the basal region of emerging leaf blades where the BSCs and DCs became discernable. Subsequently, the accumulation of PEPC and PPDK was initiated in the region where the granal proliferation in the chloroplasts was conspicuous
and, suberized lamellae were formed in the cell walls of the Kranz cells. There was no difference in the patterns of cellular development and enzyme accumulation between the BSCs and DCs or between the MCs adjacent to each type of Kranz cells. These results demonstrate that, although the DCs are not associated with veins, they behaved like BSCs with respect to enzyme induction and cellular differentiation.

DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcg159

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：埼玉県立自然の博物館  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：山形県工業技術センター  

近年，小麦等の穀類や豆類の胚芽には，種々の生理活性成分が含まれることが報告され，様々な健康食品に利用されるようになっている。一方，ラッカセイ胚芽の生理活性や加工利用に関しては，これまで研究例がなく，株式会社でん六では，豆菓子製造時に多量のラッカセイ胚芽が未利用資源として排出されている(排出量:700kg/1月)。本研究では，ラッカセイ胚芽について機能性成分や呈味成分の網羅的な解析を行うとともに，動物実験を実施し，その生理活性の一部を明らかにした。さらにラッカセイ胚芽を利用した菓子類を試作開発し，その成分特性についても評価・解析したので報告する。

CiNii Books

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：UBMメディア  

CiNii Books

J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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開催年月日： 2023年11月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：横須賀芸術劇場  

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開催年月日： 2023年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北海道大学  

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開催年月日： 2023年

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：龍谷大学  

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開催年月日： 2023年

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：龍谷大学  

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開催年月日： 2023年

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：龍谷大学  

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開催年月日： 2022年9月

記述言語：日本語  

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開催年月日： 2022年9月

記述言語：日本語  

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2022年

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開催年月日： 2021年

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開催年月日： 2021年

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開催年月日： 2021年

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開催年月日： 2021年

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開催年月日： 2021年

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開催年月日： 2021年

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開催年月日： 2021年

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開催年月日： 2020年

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開催年月日： 2020年

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開催年月日： 2020年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2019年

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開催年月日： 2018年

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開催年月日： 2018年

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開催年月日： 2018年

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開催年月日： 2018年

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開催年月日： 2018年

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開催年月日： 2017年

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開催年月日： 2017年

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開催年月日： 2017年

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開催年月日： 2017年

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開催年月日： 2017年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2016年

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開催年月日： 2015年

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開催年月日： 2015年

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開催年月日： 2015年

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開催年月日： 2015年

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開催年月日： 2014年11月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：神奈川県横浜市 パシフィコ横浜   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2014年10月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：新潟コンベンションセンター,   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2013年10月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：仙台市戦災復興記念館   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2013年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：静岡県コンベンションアーツセンター   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2012年11月

開催地：産業技術総合研究所関西センター   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2012年10月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：慶應義塾大学先端生命科学研究所   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2012年10月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：千葉大学園芸学部   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2012年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：鳥取県智頭町   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2012年3月

記述言語：日本語  

開催地：龍谷大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2012年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：龍谷大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2012年3月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：東京農工大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2011年11月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：慶應義塾大学先端生命科学研究所   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2011年9月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：神戸大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2010年11月

会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

開催地：長良川国際会議場   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2010年7月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：Inuyama   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2010年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

開催地：宇都宮大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2010年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

開催地：宇都宮大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2010年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

開催地：宇都宮大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2010年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（招待・特別）  

開催地：宇都宮大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2009年11月

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：横浜市立サイエンスフロンティア高等学校   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2009年9月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：北海道大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2009年7月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：Hawaii   国名：アメリカ合衆国  

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開催年月日： 2009年7月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：Hawaii   国名：アメリカ合衆国  

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開催年月日： 2009年5月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：和歌山大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2009年3月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：つくば国際会議場  

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開催年月日： 2008年9月

開催地：福岡大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2008年7月

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：Yokohama   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2008年5月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：名古屋国際会議場   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2007年11月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：東京大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2007年9月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：徳島大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2007年5月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：宇都宮大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2007年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：愛媛大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2006年3月

開催地：筑波大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2005年9月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：富山大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2004年9月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：日本大学湘南キャンパス  

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開催年月日： 2004年3月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：東京都立大学  

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開催年月日： 2003年9月

会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：札幌コンベンションセンター   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2002年3月

会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：岡山大学   国名：日本国  

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開催年月日： 2000年5月

開催地：長野県戸倉上山田中学校  

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開催地：名城大学  

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会議種別：ポスター発表  

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開催地：名城大学  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：Chicago  

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会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：東京ビックサイト  

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会議種別：ポスター発表  

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会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：宇都宮大学  

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会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：名古屋工業大学  

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会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：北里大学  

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記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：Buch   国名：スイス連邦  

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会議種別：ポスター発表  

開催地：京都女子大  

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記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都女子大  

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会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都女子大  

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会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：京都女子大  

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会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：北海道大学  

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会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

開催地：神戸大学  

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