Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVES: Linking information on Japanese pharmaceutical products to global knowledge bases (KBs) would enhance international collaborative research and yield valuable insights. However, public access to mappings of Japanese pharmaceutical products that use international controlled vocabularies remains limited. This study mapped YJ codes to RxNorm ingredient classes, providing new insights by comparing Japanese and international drug-drug interaction (DDI) information using a case study methodology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tables linking YJ codes to RxNorm concepts were created using the application programming interfaces of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and the National Library of Medicine. A comparative analysis of Japanese and international DDI information was thus performed by linking to an international DDI KB. RESULTS: There was limited agreement between the Japanese and international DDI severity classifications. Cross-tabulation of Japanese and international DDIs by severity showed that 213 combinations classified as serious DDIs by an international KB were missing from the Japanese DDI information. DISCUSSION: It is desirable that efforts be undertaken to standardize international criteria for DDIs to ensure consistency in the classification of their severity. CONCLUSION: The classification of DDI severity remains highly variable. It is imperative to augment the repository of critical DDI information, which would revalidate the utility of fostering collaborations with global KBs.

DOI： 10.1093/jamia/ocae094

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS  

ObjectivesWe evaluated the feasibility of using deep learning with a convolutional neural network for predicting bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microarchitecture from conventional computed tomography (CT) images acquired by multivendor scanners.MethodsWe enrolled 402 patients who underwent noncontrast CT examinations, including L1-L4 vertebrae, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination. Among these, 280 patients (3360 sagittal vertebral images), 70 patients (280 sagittal vertebral images), and 52 patients (208 sagittal vertebral images) were assigned to the training data set for deep learning model development, the validation, and the test data set, respectively. Bone mineral density and the trabecular bone score (TBS), an index of bone microarchitecture, were assessed by DXA. BMDDL and TBSDL were predicted by deep learning with a convolutional neural network (ResNet50). Pearson correlation tests assessed the correlation between BMDDL and BMD, and TBSDL and TBS. The diagnostic performance of BMDDL for osteopenia/osteoporosis and that of TBSDL for bone microarchitecture impairment were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsBMD(DL) and BMD correlated strongly (r = 0.81, P < 0.01), whereas TBSDL and TBS correlated moderately (r = 0.54, P < 0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of BMDDL for identifying osteopenia or osteoporosis were 93% and 90%, and 100% and 94%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of TBSDL for identifying patients with bone microarchitecture impairment were 73% for all values.ConclusionsThe BMDDL and TBSDL derived from conventional CT images could identify patients who should undergo DXA, which could be a gatekeeper tool for detecting latent osteoporosis/osteopenia or bone microarchitecture impairment.

DOI： 10.1097/RCT.0000000000001437

Web of Science

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

AIM: To evaluate the usefulness of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed before the initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in predicting whether breast cancers can achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) after the completion of NAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study investigated 37 consecutive patients with 39 breast cancers (pCR: 14, and non-pCR: 25) who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI and synthetic MRI before the initiation of NAC. Using synthetic MRI images, quantitative values (T1 and T2 relaxation times, proton density [PD] and their standard deviations [SD]) were obtained in breast lesions, before (Pre-T1, Pre-T2, Pre-PD, SD of Pre-T1, SD of Pre-T2, SD of Pre-PD) and after (Gd-T1, Gd-T2, Gd-PD, SD of Gd-T1, SD of Gd-T2, SD of Gd-PD) contrast agent injection. The aforementioned quantitative values and several morphological features that were identified on DCE-MRI were compared between pCR and non-pCR. RESULTS: Multivariate analyses revealed that the SD of Pre-T2 (p=0.038) was significant and was an independent predictor of pCR, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.829. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the SD of Pre-T2 with an optimal cut-off value of 11.5 were 71.4%, 80%, and 76.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The SD of Pre-T2 obtained from synthetic MRI was used successfully to predict those breast cancers that would achieve a pCR after the completion of NAC; however, these results are preliminary and need to be verified by further studies.

DOI： 10.1016/j.crad.2022.06.019

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

OBJECTIVE: Albumin-globulin ratio (AGR), which is calculated by dividing serum albumin by serum globulin, is considered as a cancer-related inflammation biomarker. Although the prognosis of many solid cancers has been shown to be associated with AGR, there are no studies to demonstrate the association between the prognosis of thyroid cancer and AGR. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relationship between AGR and overall survival (OS) in patients with thyroid cancer who received radioactive iodine therapy (RIT). METHODS: Eighty-eight patients with thyroid cancer who had received RIT for the first time in our institution were included. The values before RIT were adopted as initial measurements for serum albumin, globulin, and thyroglobulin (Tg) and used for analysis. Patients were divided into two groups based on the AGR value. We analyzed the relationship between clinical factors and treatment outcome. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 92.4 months (range: 30.1-173.9 months). The 5-year OS and progression-free survival (PFS) were 94% and 54%, respectively. Seventeen patients (< 65 years, 8; and ≥ 65 years, 9) died during the follow-up period. Low AGR was significantly associated with OS in both univariate and multivariate analyses (p = 0.0059 and p = 0.0120, respectively). As the 5-year OS was as high as 94%, there was no significant difference in survival rate between the two groups during the first 5 years. However, there seemed to be a remarkable difference in 10 years after the first RIT. On the other hand, Tg was significantly associated with PFS in both univariate and multivariate analyses (p = 0.0016 and p = 0.0441, respectively). In patients under the age of 65, the PFS rate was significantly lower in the low AGR group (p < 0.0001), while there was no difference in PFS rate between the two AGR groups in patients aged 65 years or older. CONCLUSIONS: AGR may be used as a prognostic factor in relatively younger patients with thyroid cancer treated with radioiodine, while it may be less useful in the older. Overall, it may be an independent prognostic factor for long-term survival in those with thyroid cancer.

DOI： 10.1007/s12149-021-01635-2

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Glomus tumors are soft tissue neoplasms comprised of glomus cells, vasculature, and smooth muscle cells, which occur commonly in a single subungual area of the digits, and their main clinical features include severe paroxysmal pain, localized tenderness, and cold hypersensitivity. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old Japanese man had suffered from chronic progressive paroxysmal shooting pain in his right leg since childhood. He avoided putting weight on his right foot whenever he walked. The frequency of paroxysmal pain and the number of tender points both gradually increased with age, and his right leg gradually atrophied. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lower extremity demonstrated multiple gadolinium-enhanced nodules that corresponded with his tender points. Excisional biopsy relieved his pain and provided a histopathological diagnosis of glomus tumors. CONCLUSION: This case suggests that small glomus tumors located in deep tissue may cause disuse atrophy because of their long delay before diagnosis. Clinicians should consider the potential for glomus tumors when patients exhibit unilateral lower limb muscular atrophy with pain.

DOI： 10.1186/s13256-020-02616-1

PubMed

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (other)  

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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Event date： 2024.11

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Event date： 2024.11

Language：Japanese  

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Event date： 2024.9

Language：Japanese  

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Event date： 2023.11

Language：Japanese  

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Event date： 2023.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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