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OBJECTIVE: This population-based, cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the relationship between a history of glaucoma and subjective happiness. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey of 92 397 Japanese men and women aged 40-74 who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation study. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the ORs of glaucoma associated with subjective happiness and their two-sided 95% CIs. RESULTS: Among 40 727 men and 51 670 women, 1733 participants (635 men, 1098 women) had a history of glaucoma. The odds of unhappiness in male participants with a history of glaucoma were higher (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.51) than in female participants (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.90 to 1.23). In a subgroup analysis stratified by age, among participants with a history of glaucoma, males in the younger group (40-59 years) showed the most robust association with unhappiness (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.88). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that a history of glaucoma is related with subjective unhappiness, especially in men.

DOI： 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001553

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BACKGROUND: An association between birth weight and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood has been observed in many countries; however, only a few studies have been conducted in Asian populations. METHODS: We used data from the baseline survey (2011-2016) of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation Cohort, which included 114,105 participants aged 40-74 years. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated from the prevalence of present and past histories of CVD and other lifestyle-related diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and gout, by birth weight, using Poisson regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of CVD increased with lower birth weight, with the highest prevalence among those with birth weight under 1,500 grams (males 4.6%; females 1.7%) and the lowest one among those with birth weight at or over 4,000g (males 3.7%: females 0.8%). Among 88.653 participants (41,156 males and 47,497 females) with complete data on possible confounders, birth weight under 1,500g was associated with a higher prevalence of CVD (aPR 1.76 [95%CI 1.37-2.26]), hypertension (aPR 1.29 [95%CI 1.17-1.42]), and diabetes (aPR 1.53 [95%CI 1.26-1.86]) when a birth weight of 3,000-3,999 grams was used as the reference. Weaker associations were observed for birth weight of 1500-2499 grams and 2500-2999 grams, while no significant associations were observed for birth weight at or over 4000 g. The association between birth weight and the prevalence of hyperlipidemia was less profound, and no significant association was observed between birth weight and gout. CONCLUSION: Lower birth weight was associated with a higher prevalence of CVD, hypertension, and diabetes in the Japanese population.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20230045

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OBJECTIVE: To assess dietary behaviours and related lifestyles according to the presence or absence of skipping breakfast. DESIGN: We analysed the cross-sectional data from a baseline survey of a large-scale population-based cohort study in Japan conducted in 2011-2016. Participants provided information on dietary behaviours and lifestyles through a self-administered questionnaire. Skipping breakfast was defined as not eating breakfast at least once a week and was classified according to the frequency of skipping breakfast as 1-2, 3-4 or ≥5 times/week. SETTING: Sixteen municipalities in seven prefectural areas across Japan under the Japan Public Health Centre-based prospective study for the Next Generation. PARTICIPANTS: 112 785 residents (51 952 males and 60 833 females) aged 40-74 years. RESULTS: After adjustment for age, socio-demographic status, drinking status and smoking status, individuals who skipped breakfast at least once a week, compared with those who ate breakfast every day, were more likely to have adverse dietary behaviours such as frequent eating out (multivariable OR = 2·08, 95 % CI (1·96, 2·21) in males and 2·15, 95 % CI (1·99, 2·33) in females), frequent eating instant foods (1·89, 95 % CI (1·77, 2·01) in males and 1·72, 95 % CI (1·56, 1·89) in females). They had late bedtime (1·85, 95 % CI (1·75, 1·95) in males and 1·98, 95 % CI (1·86, 2·11) in females) and living alone (2·37, 95 % CI (2·17, 2·58) in males and 2·02, 95 % CI (1·83, 2·21) in females), using the logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: Both adult males and females who skipped breakfast were likely to eat out, to have a dietary habit of eating instant foods and have lifestyles such as late bedtime and living alone than those who ate breakfast.

DOI： 10.1017/S1368980023000010

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BACKGROUND: Elevated resting heart rate (RHR) is a predictor of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin resistance is thought to play a role in this association; however, the extent to which insulin resistance mediates this association is unclear. METHODS: 1309 Japanese individuals without diabetes were recruited during 2009-2012 and followed for 5 years, of whom 78 developed T2D, as diagnosed by the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Supine RHR was measured by electrocardiography. Using logistic regression analysis, we examined the association between RHR and incident T2D, and interaction with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Causal mediation analysis was applied to decompose the effect of RHR on the outcome and estimate the proportion mediated by the HOMA-IR index. RESULTS: The sex- and age-adjusted cumulative incidence rate of T2D increased with increasing RHR. After adjustment for sex, age, waist circumference, current smoking status, alcohol use, habitual exercise, and cardiovascular disease medications, individuals with a RHR ≥80 bpm, compared with <60 bpm, showed an increased risk of incident T2D [odds ratio (OR), 2.89; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.07 to 7.80]. Multivariate adjusted OR for the total effect per 1 SD increase in RHR on incident T2D was 1.37 (95 % CI, 1.01 to 1.74) in the mediation analysis, and the proportion of the total indirect effect mediated by the HOMA-IR index was 27.5 % (95 % CI, 1.5 to 53.5). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 30 % of the effect of RHR on incident T2D was explained by the indirect effect of insulin resistance.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108319

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本公衆衛生学会  

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relation between body mass index (BMI) and dry eye disease (DED). METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey in 85,264 Japanese men and women aged 40 to 74 years who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT Study). Dry eye disease was defined as the presence of severe symptoms or clinical diagnosis. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of DED associated with BMI and their two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We adjusted for age, cohort area, visual display terminal time, smoking status, alcohol intake, education status, income status, as well as history of hormone replacement therapy for women. RESULTS: Prevalence of DED was 23.4% (n = 19,985; 6,289 men, 13,696 women). Higher BMI was correlated with a lower prevalence of DED in a dose-response fashion, with an adjusted OR of DED (95% CI) per 1 kg/m2 increment of BMI of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97-0.99) for men and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.97-0.98) for women. CONCLUSIONS: This large population-based study showed an inverse relationship between BMI and prevalence of DED in a Japanese population. Underestimation of DED is warned, especially for participants with high BMI.

DOI： 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000814

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PURPOSE: To investigate whether and how unhealthy sleep habits (i.e., the frequency of difficulty falling or staying asleep, and the frequency of waking up tired) and the duration of sleep are related to the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) in a general population. METHODS: This study included a total of 106,282 subjects aged 40-74 years who participated in a baseline survey of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation. DED was defined as the presence of clinically diagnosed DED or severe symptoms. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the relationships of various components of sleep status with DED. RESULTS: Higher frequencies of having difficulty falling or staying asleep, and waking up tired were significantly related to increased DED in both sexes (Ptrend<0.001). Compared with those with 8 h/day of sleep, shorter sleepers had an increased prevalence of DED in both sexes, although DED was increased among men who slept ≥10 h/day. By comparing participants with the greatest vs. the least difficulty of falling asleep, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) were 2.23 (95% CI, 1.99-2.49) for men and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.76-2.07) for women. When analyzed separately, the magnitude of each relationship was stronger with severe DED symptoms than with clinically diagnosed DED. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality were significantly related to DED in a Japanese population.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.04.001

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BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an established causative factor of gastric cancer. Although the expansion of insurance coverage has led to an increase in the number of patients treated for H. pylori, the population impact of eradication treatment for H.pylori has been scarcely investigated. This study aimed to clarify the long-term responses of H. pylori antibody titer after eradication treatment using large scale cross-sectional data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT Study). METHODS: A total of 55,282 Japanese participants aged 40 to 74 years residing in 16 areas provided blood samples between 2011 and 2016. From these, treated (n=6,276) and untreated subjects who were seropositive for H. pylori or had serological atrophy (n= 22,420) formed the study population (n=28,696). Seropositivity was defined as an anti-H. pylori IgG titer of ≥10 U/mL. Antibody level was compared among subjects according to self-reported treatment history as untreated, and treated for less than one year (<1Y), one to five years (1-5Y), and more than six years ago (6Y+). RESULTS: Median serum antibody titer was 34.0 U/mL, 7.9 U/mL, 4.0 U/mL, and 2.9 U/mL for the Untreated, <1Y, 1-5Y, and 6Y+ groups, respectively. While those treated for H.pylori within the previous year had a 76.8% lower antibody titer compared to untreated subjects, approximately 41% of subjects were still seropositive. CONCLUSIONS: A significant reduction in H.pylori antibody titer occurs within one year after eradication treatment, but that a long period is needed to achieve complete negative conversion.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20200618

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BACKGROUND: Although prevalence of low birth weight has increased in the last 3 decades in Japan, no studies in Japanese women have investigated whether birth weight is associated with the risk of pregnancy complications, such as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: We used data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT), a population-based cohort study in Japan that launched in 2011. In the main analysis, we included 46,365 women who had been pregnant at least once, for whom information on birth weight and events during their pregnancy was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Women were divided into five categories according to their birth weight, and the relationship between birth weight and risk of PIH and GDM was examined using multilevel logistic regression analyses with place of residence as a random effect. RESULTS: Compared to women born with birth weight of 3,000-3,999 grams, the risk of PIH was significantly higher among women born <1,500 grams (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-2.21), 1,500-2,499 grams (aOR 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03-1.30), and 2,500-2,999 grams (aOR 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04-1.22). The risk of GDM was significantly higher among women born 1,500-2,499 grams (aOR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.02-1.42), albeit non-significant association among women in other birthweight categories. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an increased risk of PIH among women born with lower birth weight albeit non-significant increased risk of GDM among Japanese women.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20200302

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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PURPOSE: This study compared working cancer survivors' self-rated health status (SRHS), physical functional capacity, depressive symptoms, and happiness to those of cancer-free workers. METHODS: A nationwide general population-based cross-sectional study on a sample of Japanese was conducted. Prevalence of deteriorated SRHS, restricted physical functional capacity, depressive symptoms, and perceived happiness were compared between working cancer survivors and cancer-free workers with multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sociodemographic and health-related backgrounds. RESULTS: Of the 28,311 male and 26,068 female workers, 977 (3.5%) and 1267 (4.9%) were cancer survivors, respectively. Working cancer survivors reported deteriorated SRHS more frequently than cancer-free workers: 21.3% vs. 13.8%, multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval), 1.64 (1.39-1.95) for men, 23.8% vs. 17.5%, 1.34 (1.16-1.54) for women. Restricted physical functional capacity was reported more frequently in working cancer survivors than cancer-free workers: 6.8% vs. 2.6%, 1.76 (1.34-2.32) for men, 4.9% vs. 2.0%, 2.06 (1.56-2.71) for women. No significant difference was found for depressive symptoms: 21.6% vs. 22.9% in men, 30.0% vs. 28.5% in women. Working cancer survivors felt happiness more frequently than cancer-free survivors in men (77.3% vs. 71.7%, 1.21 (1.01-1.45)) but not in women (76.1% vs. 74.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Working cancer survivors had worse SRHS and more restricted physical functional capacity than cancer-free workers. In men, working cancer survivors felt happiness more frequently than cancer-free workers. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Continuous support to improve cancer survivors' SRHS and physical functional capacity would be necessary even while they are working.

DOI： 10.1007/s11764-020-00984-7

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOC  

Aims: Stress is known to be a potential contributor to the development of diabetes and hypertension. However, the biological mechanisms underlying the association between cardiometabolic risk markers and the biological stress response have not yet been determined. Therefore, we examined salivary alpha-amylase and heart rate variability in relation to cardiometabolic status in a sample of healthy Japanese men and women.Methods: Participants (473 men and 1,029 women aged 30-84) underwent a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test after a 10-hr fast. The homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance was based on fasting and 2-hr postload glucose and insulin concentrations. Sitting blood pressure was measured twice after rest. A saliva sample was collected in the morning and salivary alpha-amylase was assayed. A 5-min heart rate variability recording was evaluated using time-domain indices of standard deviations of normal-to-normal intervals and root mean square of successive differences. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate associations between salivary alpha-amylase and each outcome measure.Results: Salivary alpha-amylase was associated with fasting glucose (beta = 0.008; 95% CI = 0.002, 0.014), 2-hr postload glucose (beta = 0.023; 95% CI = 0.004, 0.041), homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (beta = 0.032; 95%CI = 0.000, 0.064), systolic (beta = 1.603; 95% CI = 0.479, 2.726) and diastolic (beta = 0.906; 95% CI = 0.212, 1.600) blood pressures among women. These associations remained significant after further adjustment for heart rate variability measures.Conclusions: The elevation of salivary alpha-amylase may reflect a dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system associated with cardiometabolic abnormalities in women.

DOI： 10.5551/jat.53926

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BACKGROUND: Autonomic activity is possibly influenced by physical activity (PA). However, it remains unclear whether this association is modified by insulin resistance. METHODS: This population-based study between 2009 and 2012 included 2016 men and women aged 30-79 years. The PA was assessed using a validated questionnaire based on sleep, occupation, transportation, household characteristics, and leisure-time PA. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in the sitting position were determined from 5-minute recordings of pulse waves detected by a fingertip sensor. The HRV was calculated as frequency (standard deviation of normal-to-normal [NN] intervals [SDNN]), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), and percentage differences between normal NN intervals >50 milliseconds [pNN50]) and time domains. Insulin resistance was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: HR, RMSSD, and pNN50 were related to the total and moderate/vigorous PA tertiles in models that included HOMA-IR. The partial regression coefficient of total PA per 1-SD increase was .05 (P = .019) for log-transformed RMSSD and 1.86 (P = .001) for pNN50. No interactive associations were observed between PA and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS: Low total PA was associated with increased HR and low levels of RMSSD and pNN50, reflecting parasympathetic modulation that was not modified by insulin resistance.

DOI： 10.1123/jpah.2020-0110

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DOI： 10.2188/jea.je20180182

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PURPOSE: This population-based, cross-sectional study was performed to assess the influence of life-style modalities, including physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and visual display terminal (VDT) use, on the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED). METHODS: The study included a total of 102,582 participants aged 40-74 years, from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation, a large nationwide prospective ongoing Japanese cohort study. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship of total and leisure-time physical activity, duration of sedentary behaviors, and VDT use (hours/day) with DED. RESULTS: Among 47,346 men and 55,236 women, 25,234 (8315 males and 16,919 females) cases of DED were documented. Total physical activity was significantly related to decreased DED in both sexes; for the highest vs. lowest total physical activity quartiles, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for DED were 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-0.97; Ptrend<0.03) and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.86-0.95; Ptrend<0.001) for men and women, respectively. Conversely, prolonged sedentary behaviors and VDT use had significantly higher prevalence of DED in both sexes (Ptrend<0.001). Notably, the favorable effect of total physical activity on decreased DED in women was more prevalent with prolonged VDT use (≥2 h/day) (Pinteraction<0.01). In men, the duration of VDT use or sitting was a significant modifier of the inverse relationship between leisure-time physical activity and DED (Pinteraction<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Physical inactivity, prolonged sedentary behaviors, and use of VDT were related to increased susceptibility to DED among middle-aged to older Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.09.007

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本公衆衛生学会  

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BackgroundFew studies examining the impact for women of employment status on health have considered domestic duties and responsibilities as well as household socioeconomic conditions. Moreover, to our knowledge, no studies have explored the influence of work-family conflict on the association between employment status and health. This research aimed to investigate the cross-sectional associations between employment status (regular employee, non-regular employee, or self-employed) with self-rated health among Japanese middle-aged working women.MethodsSelf-report data were obtained from 21,450 working women aged 40-59 years enrolled in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT Study) in 2011-2016. Multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for poor self-rated health ('poor' or 'not very good') by employment status. The sub-group analyses by household income and marital status as well as mediation analysis for work-family conflict were also conducted.ResultsAdjusted ORs for the poor self-rated health of non-regular employees and self-employed workers were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83-0.98) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.75-0.94), respectively, compared with regular employees. The identified association of non-regular employment was explained by work-family conflict. Subgroup analysis indicated no statistically significant modifying effects by household income and marital status.ConclusionAmong middle-aged working Japanese women, employment status was associated with self-rated health; non-regular employees and self-employed workers were less likely to report poor self-rated health, compared with regular employees. Lowered OR of poor self-rated health among non-regular employees may be explained by their reduced work-family conflict.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20190005

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PURPOSE: To investigate whether social support and social trust are associated with DED. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from the Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT) were used. Subjects are 96,227 Japanese men and women aged 40 to 74. Data from respondents included information on DED, social support and social trust. DED was defined as the presence of clinically diagnosed DED or severe symptoms. Social support was measured by emotional support and tangible support. Social trust was measured by level of general trust in others. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association of social determinants for DED. RESULTS: Individuals with high levels of social support and social trust were less likely to have severe symptoms of DED and clinically diagnosed DED (P for trend < 0.001 in both cases). Those with the highest levels of social support and social trust were least likely to have DED (odds ratios [OR] = 0.64 [0.61-0.67], 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.63 [0.60-0.67] for severe symptoms of DED; OR = 0.88 [0.83-0.93] and 0.85 [0.80-0.91] for clinically diagnosed DED). CONCLUSIONS: High levels of social support and social trust were associated with a lower prevalence of DED.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.01.005

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本公衆衛生学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPANESE CIRCULATION SOC  

Background: Insulin resistance is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), but it is not known how this association is influenced by the autonomic nervous system, which controls insulin secretion.
Methods and Results: The subjects were 2,016 individuals aged 30-79 years enrolled between 2009 and 2012. MetS was determined using the harmonized MetS definition, which includes waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose. The homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Gutt's insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated based on fasting and 2 h-post-load glucose and insulin concentrations in a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. The 5-min heart rate variability (HRV) was evaluated using time-domain indices of standard deviations of NN intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). Power spectral analysis yielded frequency-domain measures for HRV: high-frequency (HF) power, low-frequency (LF) power and LF/HF. Multivariable adjusted logistic models showed that the highest quartiles for SDNN, RMSSD, LF, and HF vs. the lowest quartiles had a significant association with MetS. RMSSD, HF, and LF/HF remained significantly associated with MetS after adjustment for HOMA-IR (or ISI). Additive interactions between the levels of high LF/HF and high HOMA-IR (or low ISI) were significantly positive.
Conclusions: Sympathovagal imbalance as evidenced by low HF and high LF/HF modified the association of insulin resistance or low insulin sensitivity with MetS.

DOI： 10.1253/circj.CJ-17-0192

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本産業衛生学会  

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Objective: Lower heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with the inflammation that is linked with the progression of atherosclerosis. We examined this association, taking insulin sensitivity into consideration, as it is related to both HRV and inflammation.
Methods: Subjects were 1728 individuals ages 30-79 years who did not smoke between 2009 and 2012. C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and white blood cell (WBC) counts were assessed as markers of inflammation. The homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Gutt's insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated based on fasting and 2h-post-load glucose and insulin concentrations in a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Pulse was recorded for 5 min, and time-domain HRV indices of standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) were calculated. Power spectral analysis provided frequency domain measures of HRV: high frequency (HF) power, low frequency (LF) power and LF/HF.
Results: Sex and age-adjusted logistic models presented quartiles of SDNN, RMSSD, LF, and HF significantly associated with the highest quartile of CRP or WBC. After adjustment for body mass index and ISI, the associations were attenuated for WBC; however, even after further adjustment for several variables, SDNN, RMSSD, LF, and HF remained significantly associated with elevated CRP concentrations. When results were stratified by weight, the associations appeared more evident among non-overweight individuals.
Conclusion: Lowered HRV, primarily due to parasympathetic dysfunction, was associated with elevated inflammation, independent of weight, insulin sensitivity, and other related factors. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.112

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Background: Although impaired cardiac autonomic function is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in Caucasians, evidence in Asian populations with a lower body mass index is limited.
Methods: Between 2009-2012, the Toon Health Study recruited 1899 individuals aged 30-79 years who were not taking medication for diabetes. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was used to diagnose type 2 diabetes, and fasting and 2-h-postload glucose and insulin concentrations were measured. We assessed the homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Gutt's insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Pulse was recorded for 5 min, and time-domain heart rate variability (HRV) indices were calculated: the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of successive difference (RMSSD). Power spectral analysis provided frequency domain measures of HRV: high frequency (HF) power, low frequency (LF) power, and the LF: HF ratio.
Results: Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models showed decreased SDNN, RMSSD, and HF, and increased LF: HF ratio were associated significantly with increased HOMA-IR and decreased ISI. When stratified by overweight status, the association of RMSSD, HF, and LF: HF ratio with decreased ISI was also apparent in nonoverweight individuals. The interaction between LF: HF ratio and decreased ISI in overweight individuals was significant, with the odds ratio for decreased ISI in the highest quartile of LF: HF ratio in non-overweight individuals being 2.09 (95% confidence interval, 1.41-3.10).
Conclusions: Reduced HRV was associated with insulin resistance and lower insulin sensitivity. Decreased ISI was linked with parasympathetic dysfunction, primarily in non-overweight individuals.

DOI： 10.2188/jea.JE20140254

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OBJECTIVES: This longitudinal study examined psychological and social activity factors related to poor self-rated health (SRH) in community-dwelling elderly people. METHODS: The general health of 7,413 elderly individuals aged 65 years and over in Toon City, Ehime Prefecture, Japan was surveyed. We followed 4,372 participants, over a five-year period, after excluding those who were aged 85 years and over, had a disability, had moved away, or had died. The data from 3,358 respondents (response rate: 76.8%) were analyzed. We divided the patients into two groups based on their SRH responses: healthy, including those who answered "excellent" or "good," and unhealthy, including those who answered "not good" or "poor." We examined changes in SRH for both groups between the first survey and the survey conducted after five years. Among the healthy subjects at the first survey, we analyzed the relationship between SRH, after five years, and psycho-social activity factors using a logistic regression analysis. These factors included physical and social competence, life satisfaction, and tendency towards dementia and/or depression. RESULTS: SRH of both men and women significantly declined over five years. The percentage of men and women, who maintained SRH as healthy, after the 5-year follow-up period, was approximately 60% in those aged 65-74 years and 40% in those aged 75-84 years. In those aged 65-74 years, the odds ratio (OR) for a SRH of unhealthy (after five years), associated with Life Satisfaction Index-K (LSI-K) scores (at the first survey), was significantly lower at 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77-0.93) for men and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72-0.87) for women. The OR of tendency toward depression was significantly higher at 1.68 (95% CI: 1.11-2.56) for women only. In those aged 75-84 years, the OR for a SRH of unhealthy (after five years), associated with LSI-K scores (at the first survey), was significantly lower at 0.87 (95% CI: 0.77-1.00) for men and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80-0.99) for women. The OR for higher Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology scores was significantly lower at 0.80 (95% CI: 0.70-0.91) for men and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.80-0.97) for women. CONCLUSION: This study shows that it is necessary to increase life satisfaction for preventing a decline in SRH in community-dwelling elderly. It also shows that preventing depression in elderly women under the age of 75 years and maintaining physical and social competence in both elderly men and women aged 75-84 years are important for maintaining the SRH status.

DOI： 10.11236/jph.62.9_537

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(公社)日本産業衛生学会  

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/4391

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本公衆衛生学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP  

Heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with blood pressure levels; however, very few studies have correlated HRV to lifestyle in the general population. We investigated 1418 men and 2040 women aged 40-74 years and measured the HRV indices in the time and frequency domains using a 5-min R-R interval recording. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to estimate the association between HRV and blood pressure levels after adjustment for major confounders. HRV indices were not associated with systolic blood pressure levels in men, whereas in women, one-s.d. (1-s.d.) increment of s.d. of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) was associated with a 1.21-mm Hg decrease in systolic blood pressure after adjusting for several confounders (P&lt;0.05). In addition, a 1-s.d. increment of SDNN corresponded with 1.00 and 1.10 mm Hg reductions in diastolic blood pressure in men and women, respectively (P&lt;0.05). When stratified by the use or nonuse of antihypertensive medication, these inverse associations were more evident in the nonuser group. Furthermore, among men not using antihypertensive medication, reduced HRV was associated with increased systolic blood pressure levels in nondrinkers. The data suggest that HRV reflects diastolic blood pressure better than systolic blood pressure levels for both sexes and that alcohol intake strongly affects systolic blood pressure levels in men, which may have weakened the association with HRV.

DOI： 10.1038/hr.2014.73

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：大道学館出版部  

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2014328406

Language：Japanese   Publisher：中国・四国学校保健学会  

E県内の専門学校、短大、大学に在籍する学生を対象に、心的外傷を引き起こすようなライフイベントの経験が青年期男女の主観的健康統制感に及ぼす影響について-性差に焦点をあてて-明らかにすることを目的にアンケート調査を実施した。性別、年齢、生活習慣、過去の経験、日本語版主観的健康統制感(J-HLC)を用いて評価を行った。女性は男性よりも健康に配慮している者が有意に多かった(P<0.001)。しかし、心的外傷を引き起こすようなライフイベントである自己の重大な病気と家族の死に関する性差については、有意な差は認められなかった。看護学生の中には、家族の病気や死の経験などを契機として看護の道を志す者が多いとも言われており、心的外傷体験を引き起こすようなライフイベントは彼らの人生に大きな影響を与えていることは明らかである。今後は、医療系とそれ以外に分けて分析を行い、医療系の大学生が配慮すべき健康観について検討することも重要であると考える。(著者抄録)

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OBJECTIVE: Despite the fact that the total energy intake of Japanese people has decreased, the percentage of obese people has increased. This suggests that the timing of meals is related to obesity. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between the timing of meals and obesity, based on analyses of physical measurements, serum biochemical markers, nutrient intake, and lifestyle factors in the context of Chrononutrition. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: We analyzed data derived from 766 residents of Toon City (286 males and 480 females) aged 30 to 79 years who underwent detailed medical examinations between 2011 and 2013. These medical examinations included. (1) physical measurements (waist circumference, blood pressure, etc.); (2) serum biochemical markers (total cholesterol, etc.); (3) a detailed questionnaire concerning lifestyle factors such as family structure and daily habits (22 issues), exercise and eating habits (28 issues), alcohol intake and smoking habits; (4) a food frequency questionnaire based on food groups (FFQg); and (5) a questionnaire concerning the times at which meals and snacks are consumed. RESULTS: The values for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were higher for participants who ate dinner less than three hours before bedtime (<3-h group) than those who ate more than three hours before bedtime (>3-h group). The Chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference in eating habits, e.g., eating snacks, eating snacks at night, having dinner after 8 p.m., and having dinner after 9 p.m., between the <3-h group and the >3-h group. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that skipping breakfast significantly influenced both waist circumference (β = 5.271) and BMI (β = 1.440) and that eating dinner <3-h before going to bed only influenced BMI (β = 0.581). CONCLUSION: Skipping breakfast had a greater influence on both waist circumference and BMI than eating dinner <3-h before going to bed.

DOI： 10.2185/jrm.2887

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本衛生学会  

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/4023

Language：English   Publisher：THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE  

<b>Objective:</b> The purpose of this study was to investigate regional differences in the standard mortality ratio (SMR) and risk factors (including dietary habits) for stroke across the three regions of Ehime Prefecture - <i>Toyo</i> (east), <i>Chuyo</i> (central), and <i>Nanyo</i> (south).<br><b>Participants and methods:</b> We obtained medical records derived from 956,979 medical examinations carried out at JA Ehime Kouseiren Medical Examination Centers between April 1994 and March 2006. We analyzed data from 132,090 subjects (<i>Toyo</i> - 47,654, <i>Chuyo</i> - 38,435, <i>Nanyo</i> - 46,001) who underwent their first medical examination during this period. To analyze differences between the three regions, we first calculated the SMR for stroke based on data from the Basic Residential Registers and Health Statistics Bureau. Secondly, we calculated significant differences in body mass index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood glucose (Glu), and total cholesterol (T-CHO). Thirdly, we used the Chi-square test to calculate significant differences in the percentage of subjects who consumed the following foods on a daily basis: rice, bread, eggs, fish, meat, vegetables, dairy products, and fruit juice.<br><b>Results:</b> Despite the fact that regional differences in the SMR for stroke have been decreasing, in both men and women in <i>Nanyo</i>, the mean values for SBP and DBP were significantly higher and the mean value for T-CHO was significantly lower than in <i>Toyo</i> and <i>Chuyo</i>. In <i>Nanyo</i>, the percentage of subjects who consumed rice and fish (men and women), meat (men), and juice (women) on a daily basis was higher than in <i>Toyo</i> and <i>Chuyo</i>.<br><b>Conclusion:</b> In <i>Nanyo,</i> higher SMR for stroke may be related to high SBP and DBP and low T-CHO. As background to these results, it is also thought that regional differences in dietary habits may have an influence.

DOI： 10.2185/jrm.2868

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2014358078

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/4050

Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本公衆衛生学会  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER  

Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing the osteo-sono assessment index (OSI) in junior high school students (boys, girls who had reached menarche, and girls who had not).
Methods A total of 9,743 students (4,974 boys and 4,769 girls) in Ehime Prefecture participated in this study. We measured body mass index (BMI) and calcaneal bone mass using OSI. In parallel, participants answered a questionnaire relating to age, sex, menarche, exercise habits, milk intake, and history of bone fractures during the preceding year. To determine the factors influencing OSI, we calculated an individual standardized partial regression coefficient (beta) using multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis.
Results For boys, MLR showed that BMI (beta = 0.300), age (beta = 0.260), current exercise habits (beta = 0.106), and milk intake per day in primary school (beta = 0.085) statistically significantly influenced OSI. For girls who had reached menarche, BMI (beta = 0.302), current exercise habits (beta = 0.237), age (beta = 0.140), and bone fracture during the preceding year (beta = 0.036) influenced OSI. For girls who had not reached menarche, current exercise habits (beta = 0.242), BMI (beta = 0.135), and age (beta = 0.085) influenced OSI.
Conclusions There were differences between the factors related to OSI among boys, girls who had reached menarche, and girls who had not. BMI, exercise habits, and age were the common factors related to OSI. Particularly for girls, exercise habits had a great influence on OSI.

DOI： 10.1007/s12199-012-0322-6

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Language：English   Publisher：THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF RURAL MEDICINE  

<b>Objectives:</b> The first objective of this study was to classify men aged 40-74 yrs with metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to daily rice intake, and the second was to investigate physical measurements, physiological examinations, blood biochemical assays, intake of food other than rice and lifestyle and environmental factors in the study group. <br><b>Methods:</b> We analyzed data from 6095 men aged 40-74 yrs who had undergone full medical examinations. The men were classified into 3 age groups: (1) 40-49 yrs, (2) 50-59 yrs, and (3) 60-74 yrs. The men were classified further into 3 groups according to daily rice intake: group 1 (≤300 g), group 2 (300-450 g), and group 3 (≥450 g). The relationship between daily rice intake and the following factors was analyzed in the three age brackets: (1) physical measurements including waist circumference, (2) physiological measurements, (3) serum biochemical indices, (4) whether or not the person was taking medication for hypertension, diabetes mellitus or serum lipid abnormalities, (5) lifestyle, and (6) consumption of foods other than rice. <br><b>Results:</b> Daily rice intake was related strongly to the occurrence of MetS in all three age brackets. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed (1) a significant increase in the odds ratio for MetS (1.461 times) for group 3 compared with group 1 in men aged 40-49 yrs and (2) a significant increase in the odds ratio for MetS (1.501 times) for group 3 compared with group 1 in men aged 50-59 yrs. However, there was no significant difference in the odds ratio for MetS among rice intake groups in the 60-74 age bracket. <br><b>Conclusion:</b> In men aged 40-59 yrs, daily rice intake strongly influenced the incidence of MetS, whereas in men aged 60-74 yrs, there was no relationship between daily rice intake and MetS.

DOI： 10.2185/jrm.8.161

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2014081693

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Objective: The association of adiponectin levels with cardiovascular disease (CVD) may vary by age and health condition. It is unknown whether adiponectin predicts CVD events among individuals with high blood glucose levels. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study among 15,566 men and women aged 40-85 years from four communities, who were free of CVD at baseline. During 192,181 person-years of follow-up, 117 individuals subsequently developed coronary heart disease or ischemic stroke and had high plasma glucose concentrations (fasting/nonfasting≥5.6/7.2mmol/L or treated) at baseline. Controls were randomly selected at a 2:1 ratio and matched for sex, age, blood glucose, year of survey, fasting conditions, and community (. n=234). Baseline total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin and their ratio were examined for total subjects and the association with CVD was compared between ages of 40-69 and 70-85 years. Results: After adjustment for matched variables and traditional risk factors, total and HMW adiponectin and their ratio were not associated with overall risk of CVD. However, significant interactions of the associations between the age groups were found. The highest quartile for HMW adiponectin and HMW/total adiponectin ratio decreased risk of CVD compared with the lowest quartile among middle-aged individuals (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio=0.33 [95%CI, 0.13-0.83] and 0.47 [0.22-0.98], respectively), while this association was not seen among the elderly. Conclusions: High HMW adiponectin levels may decrease the risk of CVD in middle-aged adults with high blood glucose. © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

DOI： 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.04.014

Scopus

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/1305

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Other Link： http://shark.lib.kagawa-u.ac.jp/kuir/metadata/27403

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/977

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The objective of this case report is to demonstrate the use of a concrete measure for acquiring the native language (Japanese) for an extremely low birth weight infant suffering from expressive language disorder. Toshiko (pseudonym) was born prematurely, after a gestation period of only 24 weeks. Until the age of two years two months, 23 months (adjusted age) Toshiko had spoken no words to anyone, including her mother, leading to a diagnosis that she probably suffered from a speaking delay, regardless of no symptoms and signs of cerebral paralysis and mental retardation. Toshiko's doctor suggested that Toshiko should be exposed to verbal stimuli other than her mother's speech, and introduced Toshiko and her mother to our play therapy facility. Toshiko's mother is highly educated, and intended to raise Toshiko to be Japanese/English bilingual. In the first period of play therapy, we observed Toshiko playing "house" using a baby doll. We made use of a toy phone through which an anime character's voice could be heard. Toshiko gradually started playing on the trampoline and large therapy balls, and she began saying combinations of single syllable mimetic words like "pa-pa", "ma-ma", "ji-ji" ("grandpa") and "bu-bu" ("car") . In the second period of play therapy, Toshiko was able to speak a few syllables to herself as she jumped on the trampoline and played on the large therapy balls. Toshiko often parroted the words of her parents and other people around her, including newsreaders on the television. In the third period of play therapy, Toshiko began saying that she was interested in make-believe shopping. By the end of the third period, by means of the shopping role-play, the therapy team had established two-way verbal communication with Toshiko. In summary, we succeeded in treating Toshiko's expressive language disorder by using several physical stimuli in the course of the play therapy sessions.

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Other Link： http://shark.lib.kagawa-u.ac.jp/kuir/metadata/1443

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/889

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/890

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/867

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2006320491

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：愛媛大学教育学部附属教育実践総合センター  

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Other Link： http://iyokan.lib.ehime-u.ac.jp/dspace/handle/iyokan/841

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：愛媛大学教育学部附属教育実践総合センター  

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Other Link： http://eprints.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/15089

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Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/1996068010

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本生物学的精神医学会  

著者等は,悪性症候群(NMS)の発熱機序に関するドパミン(DA)/セロトニン(5-HT)不均衡仮説を提唱した.この仮説に基づいて,5-HT遊離に対するdantroleneの効果を検討した結果,細胞内Ca2+濃度を上昇させるveratrineによる5-HT遊離がdantroleneによって有意に抑制された.次に,体温調節中枢が存在するラットのPO/AHにveratrineを注入し,haloperidolを併用すると,ラットの異常行動を示しながら体温が上昇し,死亡した.この体温上昇に対して,dantroleneは用量依存的に抑制した.また,5-HT受容体遮断薬のcyproheptadineおよびβ受容体遮断薬のpropranololも,この体温上昇反応を有意に抑制した.以上の結果から,veratrineとhaloperidolを併用したラットはNMSの動物モデルとして有用であることが示唆された.また,NMSの病態に関して,視床下部細胞内Ca2+の調節異常が密接に関与していることが推測された

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Language：English   Publisher：広島麻酔医学会  

悪性症候群の病態に中枢セロトニン(5-HT)系が関与するという仮説に基づいて,ラット視床下部での5-HT遊離に及ぼすdantroleneの効果を検討した.Dantroleneは,1.3 mMCa2+を含有する緩衝液で灌流した場合,高K+ (30 mM)刺激あるいは電気刺激による3H-5-HT遊離を有意に抑制した.Ca2+を含まない緩衝液で灌流した場合,dantrolene (10-6 M)はfenfluramineおよびruthenium redによる3H-5-HT遊離には影響しなかったが,細胞内Ca2+貯蔵部位からCa2+を遊離するとされるveratrineによる3H-5-HT遊離は有意に抑制した.dantroleneによる3H-5-HT遊離抑制効果が,神経終末における細胞内Ca2+調節機構によって媒介されこの効果が悪性症候群の治療機序に関連していることを示唆している

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：厚生省精神・神経疾患研究班  

健康成人血小板は5-HTが30 μMまでは用量依存性に〔Ca2+〕iの上昇を引き起こし,10 μMの5-HT刺激による血小板〔Ca2+〕i上昇が5-HT2受容体遮断薬のritanserin (1 nM)で抑制されたことから,この〔Ca2+〕i上昇反応は5-HT2受容体によって媒介されていることが確認された.健康成人の血小板における〔Ca2+〕Bは133 nMで,fura-2やQuin 2を使った実験と類似した.患者血小板における〔Ca2+〕Bは未治療の精神分裂病群で有意に増加していたが,この理由は不明である.5-HT刺激によるd〔Ca2+〕の結果では,双極性障害は未治療群でも有意な増加が認められたことから,この〔Ca2+〕iの変化はtrait markerと考えることが可能である.しかし,刺激前の〔Ca2+〕Bの違いによる影響を除外するために求めたd〔Ca2+〕との割合(d〔Ca2+〕/〔Ca2+〕B)では,治療中の双極性障害では有意差が認められなくなったことから,state markerである可能性も否定できず,躁うつ病の中枢5-HT2受容体感受性亢進仮説を末梢のレベルで支持するものであり,これが躁うつ病の生物学的指標となりうる可能性がある

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(株)星和書店  

lithium (Li),zotepine (ZTP)およびimipramine (IMP)を慢性投与したラット前大脳皮質において,セロトニン2 (5-HT2)受容体刺激によるPI代謝回転をin vivo法を用いて検討した.5-HT受容体刺激薬である5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT)を投与すると対照群ではPI代謝回転が有意に亢進した.抗躁薬であるLiの慢性投与群では,Li最終投与2時間後の場合,対照群で認められた5-MeODMTによるPI代謝回転の亢進が抑制された.その抑制効果は最終投与48時間後には消失した.ZTP慢性投与群では最終投与48時間後でも5-MeODMTによるPI代謝回転の亢進は抑制された.IMP慢性投与の場合もZTPと同様に5-MeODMTによるPI代謝回転の亢進は抑制された

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本神経化学会  

ヒト血小板におけるセロトニン(5-HT)刺激によるCa2+濃度上昇反応について検討した.10 μM 5-HT刺激によるCa2+濃度上昇は約72 nMであり,このCa2+濃度上昇はritanserinにより用量依存性に抑制されたことから,この反応は5-HT2受容体を介していると考えられる.躁うつ病群の血小板では5-HTによるCa2+濃度上昇は正常群に比較して有意な増加が認められた.この結果は躁うつ病の5-HT2受容体感受性亢進仮説を支持するものであり,5-HTによるCa2+濃度上昇反応は躁うつ病の生物学的指標として有用である

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本神経化学会  

セロトニン(5-HT)刺激によるウサギ血小板内Ca2+濃度上昇は血小板濃厚浮遊液(PRP)にfura-2/AMを負荷するといった従来の方法では測定できなかったが,PRPをさらに遠心し0.5 mM EGTAを含むHepes緩衝液に分散させたのちfura-2/AMを負荷することにより測定可能となった.ウサギ血小板はヒト血小板に比べて細胞外のCa2+濃度に影響を受けやすく,緩衝液中の0.5 mM EGTAによって血小板内のCa2+が失われるため測定時には漏出したCa2+を補う必要がある.10 μM 5-HT刺激による血小板内Ca2+濃度上昇はritanserin (1 nM)によって抑制されたが,Li (10 mM)では抑制されなかった

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：広島麻酔医学会  

haloperidol前処置後視索前視床下部(PO/AH)へのveratrine微量注入により著明な体温上昇と異常行動を発現するラットを作成した.haloperidol前処置後veratrine脳内注入による体温上昇反応についてセロトニン(5HT)とノルアドレナリン(NA)の関与を調べる目的で5HT受容体遮断薬としてritanserinとcyproheptadineを用いて,またβ受容体遮断薬としてpropranololを用いてこの体温上昇に対する薬物の抑制効果を検討した.Haloperidol (1 mg/kg)前処置後PO/AHへのveratrine (50 μg/μl)注入による体温上昇はcyproheptadine (10 mg/kg)およびpropranolol (40 mg/kg)の腹腔内投与により有意に抑制された.ritanserin (1 mg/kg)では抑制傾向は認められたが有意に抑制されなかった

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Scopus

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Abstract: Phosphoinositide turnover stimulated by 5‐hy‐droxytryptamine (5‐HT) receptors in the intact rat brain was studied using an in vivo method. Phosphoinositides in the rat brain were prelabeled with [3H]inositol injected into the lateral cerebral ventricles. The rats were killed by microwave irradiation after 48 h and the contents in the frontal cortex of 3H‐inositol phosphates, [3H]inositol‐1‐monophosphate ([3H]IP1), [3H]inositol‐l,4‐bisphosphate ([3H]IP2), and a mixture of [3H]inositol‐l,4,5‐trisphosphate and [3H]inositol‐1,3,4‐trisphosphate ([3H]IP3) were assayed by HPLC. Lithium treatment (10 mEq/kg, i.p., 2 h before) increased the content of[3H]IP1 and[3H]IP2. 5‐Methoxy‐N′,N‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeODMT) and quipazine, 5‐HT agonists, significantly increased the amount of 3H‐inositol phosphates under lithium pretreatment. The response to 5‐MeODMT was inhibited by ritanserin, a 5‐HT2 antagonist, but not by (—)‐propranoloI, a 5‐HT1 antagonist. These results suggest that phosphoinositide turnover in the rat frontal cortex in vivo is stimulated by 5‐HT2 receptor activation. It is considered that this method will be useful for measurement of 5‐HT2 receptor‐stimulated phosphoinositide turnover in vivo to examine the in vivo effects of various psychotropic drugs such as antidepressants. Copyright © 1989, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

DOI： 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07369.x

Scopus

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：広島麻酔医学会  

神経終末のモデルとしてシナプトソームを作成し,Ca2+蛍光指示薬であるfura-2を使用してその内のCa2+動態を測定し,高K+刺激およびveratrine刺激によるシナプトソーム内Ca2+濃度上昇に対するdantroleneの効果を検討した.1)高K+刺激によるシナプトソーム内Ca2+濃度上昇は,10-5 M dantroleneにより有意に抑制された.2) Veratrine刺激によるシナプトソーム内Ca2+濃度上昇は,10-5 M dantroleneにより有意に抑制された

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：広島麻酔医学会  

悪性症候群の発熱機序は,視床下部に投射される5HT神経終末内のCa2+異常動態が原因となって5HTが遊離され,体温上昇に関与する5HT2受容体を刺激した反応と考えている.細胞内Ca2+異常動態の発症機序は,高K-刺激による遊離でみられる様に脱分極によって細胞外からのCa2+流入により引起こされるのか,veratrineによる遊離の様に細胞内Ca2+貯蔵器官からのCa2+放出により引起こされるのか不明である.細胞外からのCa2+流入により引起こされる細胞内Ca2+異常動態はnicardipineによって抑制され,また,細胞内Ca2+貯蔵器官からのCa2+放出により引き起こされる細胞内Ca2+異常動態はdiltiazemによって抑制される可能性が示唆された

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：広島麻酔医学会  

悪性症候群の高熱機序に関する視床下部の体温調節中枢でDA-5HT不均衡仮説を提唱し,その病態に5HT神経終末内でのCa2+異常動態が関与することを推定し,三種類の悪性症候群モデルラットを作成し,悪性症候群の治療薬として使用されるdantroleneの効果について検討した.1) Haloperidol (1 mg/kg)前処置後,視索前視床下部(PO/AH)へのveratrine (50 μg/μl)注入により有意な体温上昇が引き起こされたが,生理的食塩水(1 mg/kg)前処置後,同部位へのveratrine (50 μg/μl)注入では有意な体温上昇は起こらなかった.2) Haloperidol (1 mg/kg)前処置後,PO/AHへのveratrine (50 μg/μl)注入による体温上昇はdantrolene (20, 40 mg/kg)腹腔内投与により有意に抑制された.3) Fenfluramine (7.5 mg/kg)腹腔内投与による体温上昇はdantrolene (20, 40 mg/kg)により抑制されなかった.4) 5-HTP (150 mg/kg)腹腔内投与による体温上昇はdantrolene (20, 40 mg/kg)により抑制されなかった

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：厚生省神経疾患研究班  

脳内phosphoinositides (PI)を3Hラベルしたラットを用いて,5-HT2受容体刺激によって生じるPI代謝回転亢進をin vivoで測定する方法を確立し,さらにこの方法を用いてLiとZTPおよび抗うつ薬であるイミブラミン(IMI)慢性投与の影響を検討した.実験は3H-inositolのラット側脳室内投与48時間後にmicrowave照射を行い,前大脳皮質の水溶性画分からHPLCを用いてinositol phosphates (IPs),すなわちinositol 1-phosphate (IP1),inositol 1,4-bisphosphate (IP2)およびinositol 1,45-trisphosphate (IP3)を分離し,その放射活性を測定することによって行った.まず,LiCl (10 mEq/kg)腹腔内投与2時間後に3H-IP1および3H-IP2量が有意に増加した.Li前処置の後5-HT刺激薬である5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT)またはquipazineを皮下投与すると,3H-IPs量の蓄積が認められた.これらの作用は,特異的5-HT2受容体遮断薬であるritanserinにより完全に抑制され,5-HT1受容体遮断作用を有する(-)-propranololでは抑制されなかったことから,5-HT2受容体刺激によるものであることが示された.次に,Li, ZTPおよびIMIを2週間慢性投与し最終投与48時間後の5-MeODMTによる3H-IPs量の蓄積を検討した結果,Li処置群では対照群に比べ変化は認められず,ZTP処置群とIMI処置群ではともに著明な抑制を示した

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本神経精神薬理学会  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本神経化学会  

5HT受容体刺激薬のPI (phosphoinositide)代謝回転に及ぼす効果を,in vivoで脳内PIをラベルする方法を用いて検討した.〔3H〕inositolをラット側脳室内に投与した2日後にmicrowaveを照射し,前大脳皮質のinositol phosphates (IPs;IP1, IP2, IP3)をHPLCで分離し放射活性を測定した.その結果,LiCl (10 mEq/kg)を腹腔内投与すると,〔3H〕IP1及び〔3H〕IP2が有意に増加した.また,Li前処置ラットにおいて5HT受容体刺激薬である5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5MeODMT)の投与15分後には,2 mg/kg投与で47%,5 mg/kg投与で87%の〔3H〕IP1増加が認められ,〔3H〕IP2及び〔3H〕IP3も有意に増加した.同様の効果がquipazine投与後にも認められた.さらに,5MeODMTによる〔3H〕IPs量の増加は,5HT2受容体遮断薬であるritanserinによって抑制されたが,5HT1受容体遮断作用をもつ(-)-propranololでは抑制されなかった.ラット前大脳皮質の5HT受容体刺激によるPI代謝回転亢進は5HT2受容体により媒介されることが示唆された.この方法はin vivoの状態で5HT受容体活性にともなうPI代謝回転を測定する手段として有用であり,抗うつ薬等の作用機序解明に役立つ

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：日本公衆衛生学会  

J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人日本産業衛生学会  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：愛媛大学教育学部附属教育実践総合センター  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

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