Authorship：Last author  

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Authorship：Lead author  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

BACKGROUND: Phylogenetic relationships among the myriapod subgroups Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Symphyla and Pauropoda are still not robustly resolved. The first phylogenomic study covering all subgroups resolved phylogenetic relationships congruently to morphological evidence but is in conflict with most previously published phylogenetic trees based on diverse molecular data. Outgroup choice and long-branch attraction effects were stated as possible explanations for these incongruencies. In this study, we addressed these issues by extending the myriapod and outgroup taxon sampling using transcriptome data. RESULTS: We generated new transcriptome data of 42 panarthropod species, including all four myriapod subgroups and additional outgroup taxa. Our taxon sampling was complemented by published transcriptome and genome data resulting in a supermatrix covering 59 species. We compiled two data sets, the first with a full coverage of genes per species (292 single-copy protein-coding genes), the second with a less stringent coverage (988 genes). We inferred phylogenetic relationships among myriapods using different data types, tree inference, and quartet computation approaches. Our results unambiguously support monophyletic Mandibulata and Myriapoda. Our analyses clearly showed that there is strong signal for a single unrooted topology, but a sensitivity of the position of the internal root on the choice of outgroups. However, we observe strong evidence for a clade Pauropoda+Symphyla, as well as for a clade Chilopoda+Diplopoda. CONCLUSIONS: Our best quartet topology is incongruent with current morphological phylogenies which were supported in another phylogenomic study. AU tests and quartet mapping reject the quartet topology congruent to trees inferred with morphological characters. Moreover, quartet mapping shows that confounding signal present in the data set is sufficient to explain the weak signal for the quartet topology derived from morphological characters. Although outgroup choice affects results, our study could narrow possible trees to derivatives of a single quartet topology. For highly disputed relationships, we propose to apply a series of tests (AU and quartet mapping), since results of such tests allow to narrow down possible relationships and to rule out confounding signal.

DOI： 10.1186/s12862-020-01699-0

PubMed

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1186/s40851-019-0135-1

PubMed

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Other Link： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40851-019-0135-1/fulltext.html

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1242/jeb.191676

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier Ltd  

The egg structure and outline of the embryonic development of Metallyticus splendidus of one of the basal Mantodea representatives, Metallyticidae, were described in the present study. The results obtained were compared with those from the previous studies, to reconstruct and discuss the groundplan of Mantodea and Dictyoptera. In M. splendidus, the egg is spheroidal, it has a convex ventral side at the center in which numerous micropyles are grouped, and it possesses a conspicuous hatching line in its anterior half. These are the groundplan features of mantodean eggs and the “grouped micropyles in the ventral side of the egg” are regarded as an apomorphic groundplan feature of Dictyoptera. A small circular embryo is formed by a simple concentration of blastoderm cells, which then undergoes embryogenesis of the typical short germ band type. Blastokinesis is of the “non-reversion type” and the embryo keeps its original superficial position and original orientation throughout embryonic development. During the middle stages of development, the embryo undergoes rotation around the egg's anteroposterior axis. These features are a part of the groundplan of Mantodea. It is uncertain whether sharing of the “non-reversion type” of blastokinesis by Mantodea and blaberoidean Blattodea can be regarded as homology or homoplasy.

DOI： 10.1016/j.asd.2017.11.001

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Pyrene, a member of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), contributes to abnormality in the size of the brain and the swimming behavior of pufferfish (Takifugu niphobles) larvae. We hypothesized that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) may mediate pyrene-induced toxic effects because AHR is assumed to be a candidate for the downstream target of PAHs in many cases. To identify the contribution of AHR on developing pufferfish, we performed exposure experiments using P-naphthoflavone, an agonist of AHR We found that the toxic effects of pyrene and p-naphthoflavone in pufferfish larvae are fundamentally different. Pyrene specifically induced problems in the developing midbrain and in swimming behavior, while p-naphthoflavone affected the heartbeat rate and the size of the yolk. These results suggest that the behavioral and morphological abnormality caused by pyrene exposure is mediated by an AHR-independent pathway. Alternatively, defects caused by pyrene may be attributed to the inhibition of the FGF signal. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.058

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY  

Paired limbs were acquired in the ancestor of tetrapods and their morphology has been highly diversified in amniotes in relation to the adaptive radiation to the terrestrial environment. These morphological changes may have been induced by modification of the developmental program of the skeletal or muscular system. To complete limb modification, it is also important to change the neuronal framework, because the functions of the limbs rely on neural circuits that involve coordinated movement. Previous studies have shown that class 3 semaphorins (Sema3 semaphorins), which act as repulsive axonal guidance cues, play a crucial role in the formation of the peripheral nerves in mice. Here, we studied the expression pattern of Sema3A orthologues in embryos of developing amniotes, including mouse, chick, soft-shelled turtle, and ocelot gecko. Sema3A transcripts were expressed in restricted mesenchymal parts of the developing limb primordium in all animals studied, and developing spinal nerves appeared to extend through Sema3A-negative regions. These results suggest that a Sema3A-dependent guidance system plays a key role in neuronal circuit formation in amniote limbs. We also found that Sema3A partially overlapped with the distribution of cartilage precursor cells. Based on these results, we propose a model in which axon guidance and skeletogenesis are linked by Sema3A; such mechanisms may underlie functional neuron rearrangement during limb diversification.

DOI： 10.1111/dgd.12364

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCI LTD  

The egg structure of Paterdecolyus yanbarensis was examined using light, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. The egg surface shows a distinct honeycomb pattern formed by exochorionic ridges. Several micropyles are clustered on the ventral side of the egg. The egg membrane is composed of an exochorion penetrated with numerous aeropyles, an endochorion, and an extremely thin vitelline membrane. The endochorion is thickened at the posterior egg pole, probably associated with water absorption. A comparison of egg structure among Orthoptera revealed that the micropylar distribution pattern is conserved in Ensifera and Caelifera and might be regarded as a groundplan feature for each group; in Ensifera, multiple micropyles are clustered on the ventral side of the egg, whereas in Caelifera, micropyles are arranged circularly around the posterior pole of the egg. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.asd.2016.09.009

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Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

With the exception of that from the olfactory system, the vertebrate sensory information is relayed by the dorsal thalamus (dTh) to be carried to the telencephalon via the thalamo-telencephalic tract. Although the trajectory of the tract from the dTh to the basal telencephalon seems to be highly conserved among amniotes, the axonal terminals vary in each group. In mammals, thalamic axons project onto the neocortex, whereas they project onto the dorsal pallium and the dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR) in reptiles and birds. To ascertain the evolutionary development of the thalamo-telencephalic connection in amniotes, we focused on reptiles. Using the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis), we studied the developmental course of the thalamic axons projecting onto the DVR. We found, during the developmental period when the thalamo-DVR connection forms, that transcripts of axon guidance molecules, including EphA4 and Slit2, were expressed in the diencephalon, similar to the mouse embryo. These results suggest that the basic mechanisms responsible for the formation of the thalamo-telencephalic tract are shared across amniote lineages. Conversely, there was a characteristic difference in the expression patterns of Slit2, Netrin1, and EphrinA5 in the telencephalon between synapsid (mammalian) and diapsid (reptilian and avian) lineages. This indicates that changes in the expression domains of axon guidance molecules may modify the thalamic axon projection and lead to the diversity of neuronal circuits in amniotes.

DOI： 10.1111/dgd.12186

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

DOI： 10.1186/s40851-015-0029-9

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE  

Insects are the most speciose group of animals, but the phylogenetic relationships of many major lineages remain unresolved. We inferred the phylogeny of insects from 1478 protein-coding genes. Phylogenomic analyses of nucleotide and amino acid sequences, with site-specific nucleotide or domain-specific amino acid substitution models, produced statistically robust and congruent results resolving previously controversial phylogenetic relationships. We dated the origin of insects to the Early Ordovician [similar to 479 million years ago (Ma)], of insect flight to the Early Devonian (similar to 406 Ma), of major extant lineages to the Mississippian (similar to 345 Ma), and the major diversification of holometabolous insects to the Early Cretaceous. Our phylogenomic study provides a comprehensive reliable scaffold for future comparative analyses of evolutionary innovations among insects.

DOI： 10.1126/science.1257570

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE  

Midgut epithelium in Filientomon takanawanum is composed of epithelial cells and single, sporadic regenerative cells. In 80% of analyzed specimens midgut epithelial cells, as fat body and gonads, are infected with rickettsia-like microorganism. In non-infected specimens young and completely differentiated epithelial cells are distinguished among epithelial cells. Characteristic for midgut epithelial cells regionalization in organelles distribution is not observed. Autophagy is the sporadic process, but if the cytoplasm of epithelium cells possesses numerous spherites and sporadic autophagosomes, the apoptosis begins. Necrosis is observed sporadically.
In the midgut epithelium cells of about 80% of analyzed specimens rickettsia-like microorganisms are observed. The more rickettsia-like microorganisms occur in the cytoplasm, the more autophagosomes are formed, and the process of apoptosis proceeds intensively. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tice.2009.06.003

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

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Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

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